Aristotle's theory of the four elements was widely accepted in natural philosophy until the rise of modern science.

Plato believed that the Forms, or perfect and eternal entities, are the true essence of things.

Democritus's atomic theory laid the foundation for modern atomic theory.

Telos is a fundamental concept in Aristotle's philosophy, emphasizing the inherent purpose or function of things.

In Timaeus, Plato presents his cosmological ideas and discusses the creation and structure of the universe.

Empedocles emphasized the importance of sensory experience and observation in acquiring knowledge.

Aristotle's distinction between natural and violent motion is central to his understanding of motion and change.

Plato believed that dialectic, or the art of philosophical inquiry and argumentation, leads to the highest form of knowledge.

Democritus's atomic theory is based on the idea that matter is composed of fundamental, indivisible particles.

Physics is Aristotle's treatise on the fundamental principles of change, motion, and natural phenomena.

Meno is a dialogue that investigates the nature of knowledge and whether it can be taught or acquired through experience.

Pythagoras is credited with being one of the first philosophers to propose the idea of a spherical Earth.

Aristotle's theory of causation encompasses four causes: material, formal, efficient, and final.

Plato believed that the soul is immortal and exists before the body.

The fundamental principle of Democritus's atomic theory is the indivisibility and indestructibility of atoms.