Vehicle emissions, particularly from diesel engines, are a major contributor to air pollution in urban areas due to the release of harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.

Sulfur dioxide, released from the burning of fossil fuels, is a major contributor to acid rain as it combines with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid.

Air scrubbing refers to the process of removing pollutants from the air by passing it through a device that traps or absorbs the contaminants.

Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, do not produce greenhouse gases or air pollutants during electricity generation, making them the cleanest and most environmentally friendly energy option.

The photovoltaic effect refers to the process by which certain materials, such as silicon, generate an electrical current when exposed to sunlight.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), emitted from various sources such as vehicles, industries, and paints, react with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight to form smog.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted by human activities, particularly through the burning of fossil fuels for energy production.

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) involves capturing CO2 from industrial sources, such as power plants, and storing it underground or in geological formations to prevent its release into the atmosphere.

Biofuel production refers to the process of converting biomass, such as plant materials or organic waste, into fuels like biodiesel, ethanol, or biogas through various biological processes.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), emitted from various household products such as cleaning agents, paints, and air fresheners, can accumulate indoors and contribute to poor air quality.

Energy efficiency refers to the practice of using less energy to perform the same task or achieve the same level of output, often through the use of more efficient technologies or processes.

Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, are considered the most sustainable and reliable due to their continuous availability and minimal environmental impact.

Wind power refers to the process of converting the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy using wind turbines.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), commonly used in refrigeration and aerosol products, are the primary cause of ozone depletion as they release chlorine atoms that destroy ozone molecules in the stratosphere.

Geothermal power refers to the process of generating electricity by harnessing the heat from the Earth's interior, typically through the use of geothermal power plants.