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Human Physiology - 2

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What type of freely movable joint is present in between atlas and axis?

  1. Ball and socket

  2. Hinge joint

  3. Pivot joint

  4. Saddle joint


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Synovial joint present in between atlas and axis is of pivot joint type.

The digestion of proteins starts in the

  1. mouth

  2. pharynx

  3. stomach

  4. esophagus


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Digestion of protein does not start with chewing of food in the mouth. It begins in the stomach.

Which of the following structures prevent(s) the food from entering into the wind pipe and lungs during swallowing?

  1. Sphincter muscles

  2. Epiglottis

  3. Mouth

  4. Oesophagus


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Epiglottis is a flap of cartilage located in the throat behind the tongue and in front of the larynx. 

Hürthle cell is associated with

  1. thyroid gland

  2. pituitary gland

  3. adrenal gland

  4. pancreas


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hürthle cell is associated with thyroid gland. Hürthle cell is used only to indicate cells of thyroid follicular origin.

Which of the following laws is/are associated with the fact that anterior spinal nerve roots contain only motor fibres and posterior roots contain only sensory fibres?

  1. Magendie's law

  2. Bell's law

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This law was given by both Bell and Magendie.  The anterior spinal nerve roots contain only motor fibers and posterior roots only sensory fibers and that nerve impulses are conducted in only one direction in each case.

The part of brain that regulates hunger, sleep and thirst is

  1. cerebellum

  2. thalamus

  3. pituitary

  4. hypothalamus


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The part of brain that regulates hunger, sleep and thirst is hypothalamus.

Small oval-shaped structures found in the lymphatic vessels are termed

  1. valves

  2. lymph nodes

  3. lacteals

  4. lymph movement


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lymph nodes are oval or bean-shaped bodies placed in the lymphatic vessels. They act as filters and are sites where lymphocytes are formed. The main groups of lymph nodes lie in the neck, axilla, thorax, abdomen and groin.

Which of the following papillae does not contain any taste buds?

  1. The circumvallate papillae

  2. The foliate papillae

  3. The fungiform papillae

  4. The filiform papillae


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

These are one of the four types of lingual papillae present on the surface of the tongue.

A neuron with numerous short dendrites and a single long axon is a

  1. multipolar neuron

  2. motor neuron

  3. somatic motor neurons

  4. special visceral motor neurons


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This nerve cell contains a single long axon and many dendrites.

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Gloger's rule states that

  1. there should be a purposeless distribution of people around the world who have low concentrations of skin pigmentation

  2. dark skin has a benefit for the people who live in far north latitudes

  3. dark skin has a benefit for the people who live in far south latitudes

  4. in series of generations, natural selection contributes for changes in human skin colour


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There is a selective advantage for people with dark complexions in regions of intense solar radiation.  

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?

  1. ADH

  2. Acetyl CoA

  3. Acetylcholine

  4. Inositol triphosphate


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter.

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Which of the following cells present in the choroid plexus are responsible for releasing cerebrospinal fluid?

  1. Astrocytes

  2. Microglia

  3. Ependymal cells

  4. Schwann cells


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

These cells line the walls of the ventricles of the brain.

Which receptor maintains the fluid balance in the body?

  1. Baroreceptor

  2. Chemoreceptor

  3. Interoceptor

  4. Osmoreceptor


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It is a sensory receptor mainly found in the hypothalamus.

Many people suffer from stomach problems and diarrhoea when they drink milk. What is the common cause of this problem?

  1. Calcium intolerance

  2. Milk sugar intolerance

  3. Butter fat intolerance

  4. Casein intolerance


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Milk sugar (lactose) is difficult for many adults to digest due to inability of their bodies to produce enough of a particular chemical to break it down. 

Epithelium found in PCT of nephrons is

  1. transitional epithelium

  2. squamous epithelium

  3. brush bordered epithelium

  4. ciliated epithelium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Brush bordered epithelium is found in PCT.

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