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The Judicial Branch and the Changing Role of the Supreme Court

Description: The Judicial Branch and the Changing Role of the Supreme Court
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: judicial branch supreme court constitutional law separation of powers
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Which of the following is NOT a power of the Supreme Court?

  1. To interpret the Constitution

  2. To declare laws unconstitutional

  3. To appoint federal judges

  4. To review lower court decisions

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The power to appoint federal judges is vested in the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate.

The Supreme Court is composed of how many justices?

  1. 5

  2. 7

  3. 9

  4. 11

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Supreme Court has had nine justices since 1869.

Who is the current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

  1. John Roberts

  2. Clarence Thomas

  3. Stephen Breyer

  4. Samuel Alito

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

John Roberts has been the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court since 2005.

What is the process by which the Supreme Court reviews lower court decisions called?

  1. Certiorari

  2. Mandamus

  3. Habeas corpus

  4. Injunction

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Certiorari is the process by which the Supreme Court decides whether to review a lower court decision.

What is the principle of judicial review?

  1. The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional

  2. The power of the President to veto laws passed by Congress

  3. The power of the Senate to confirm presidential appointments

  4. The power of the House of Representatives to impeach the President

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.

Which landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?

  1. Marbury v. Madison

  2. McCulloch v. Maryland

  3. Gibbons v. Ogden

  4. Fletcher v. Peck

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Marbury v. Madison (1803) is the landmark Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review.

What is the doctrine of stare decisis?

  1. The principle that courts should follow precedent

  2. The principle that courts should decide cases based on the plain meaning of the Constitution

  3. The principle that courts should interpret the Constitution in light of its historical context

  4. The principle that courts should give deference to the decisions of lower courts

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Stare decisis is the principle that courts should follow precedent.

Which of the following is NOT a type of Supreme Court opinion?

  1. Majority opinion

  2. Concurring opinion

  3. Dissenting opinion

  4. Advisory opinion

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Advisory opinions are not issued by the Supreme Court.

What is the term for a Supreme Court decision that is decided by a 5-4 vote?

  1. Majority opinion

  2. Concurring opinion

  3. Dissenting opinion

  4. Per curiam opinion

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A majority opinion is a Supreme Court decision that is decided by a 5-4 vote.

What is the term for a Supreme Court decision that is written by a single justice?

  1. Majority opinion

  2. Concurring opinion

  3. Dissenting opinion

  4. Per curiam opinion

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A per curiam opinion is a Supreme Court decision that is written by a single justice.

Which of the following is NOT a factor that the Supreme Court considers when deciding a case?

  1. The plain meaning of the Constitution

  2. The historical context of the Constitution

  3. The intent of the framers of the Constitution

  4. Public opinion

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Public opinion is not a factor that the Supreme Court considers when deciding a case.

Which of the following is NOT a power of the Supreme Court under the Constitution?

  1. To declare laws unconstitutional

  2. To interpret the Constitution

  3. To appoint federal judges

  4. To review lower court decisions

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The power to appoint federal judges is vested in the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate.

Which of the following is NOT a type of Supreme Court case?

  1. Original jurisdiction case

  2. Appellate jurisdiction case

  3. Advisory opinion case

  4. Per curiam case

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Advisory opinions are not issued by the Supreme Court.

Which of the following is NOT a type of Supreme Court opinion?

  1. Majority opinion

  2. Concurring opinion

  3. Dissenting opinion

  4. Memorandum opinion

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Memorandum opinions are not issued by the Supreme Court.

Which of the following is NOT a type of Supreme Court justice?

  1. Associate Justice

  2. Chief Justice

  3. Senior Justice

  4. Retired Justice

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

There is no such thing as a Senior Justice on the Supreme Court.

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