To provide feedback to students on their learning.

To inform instructional decisions.

To evaluate student performance.

To compare students to each other.

Formative and summative.

Objective and subjective.

Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced.

Authentic and traditional.

To provide feedback to students on their learning.

To inform instructional decisions.

To evaluate student performance.

To compare students to each other.

To provide feedback to students on their learning.

To inform instructional decisions.

To evaluate student performance.

To compare students to each other.

Self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment.

Oral assessment, written assessment, and performance assessment.

Norm-referenced assessment, criterion-referenced assessment, and ipsative assessment.

Authentic assessment, traditional assessment, and alternative assessment.

Oral assessment, written assessment, and performance assessment.

Norm-referenced assessment, criterion-referenced assessment, and ipsative assessment.

Authentic assessment, traditional assessment, and alternative assessment.

Standardized assessment, portfolio assessment, and project-based assessment.

It provides feedback to students on their learning.

It informs instructional decisions.

It helps students to identify their strengths and weaknesses.

All of the above.

It can be time-consuming.

It can be difficult to implement effectively.

It can be challenging to provide meaningful feedback to students.

All of the above.

It provides a measure of student achievement.

It can be used to make decisions about student placement and promotion.

It can be used to identify students who need additional support.

All of the above.

It can be high-stakes.

It can be stressful for students.

It may not provide information about student learning.

All of the above.

Bias.

Inaccuracy.

Unfairness.

All of the above.

Use clear and objective criteria.

Be aware of their own biases.

Provide students with opportunities to demonstrate their learning in multiple ways.

All of the above.

Use a variety of assessment methods.

Provide students with feedback on their work.

Allow students to revise their work.

All of the above.

Use clear and objective criteria.

Provide students with equal opportunities to learn.

Accommodate students with special needs.

All of the above.

The use of technology.

The focus on authentic assessment.

The emphasis on formative assessment.

All of the above.