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Child Development Test - 8

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A study to determine the degree of relationship between two events is called

  1. naturalistic observation

  2. the correlational method

  3. a controlled experiment

  4. the survey method


Correct Option: B

A teacher believes that one group of children is very bright and the second group is below average in ability. Actually, the groups are identical but the first group progresses more rapidly than the second. This demonstrates

  1. the self-fulfilling prophecy

  2. the placebo effect in a natural experiment

  3. observer bias in naturalistic observation

  4. the ethical problems of field experiments


Correct Option: A

Subjects are said to be assigned randomly when

  1. they are assigned to experimental and control groups from a sample representing the large population

  2. they each have an equal chance of being assigned to either the experimental or control group

  3. they are assigned to experimental and control groups so that the groups differ on some critical variable before the experiment begins

  4. neither the experimenter nor the subject knows whether the subject is in the experimental or control group


Correct Option: B

Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of naturalistic observation?

  1. It provides an overabundance of information.

  2. It deals with behaviour not tampered by outside influences.

  3. It limits biased observations through careful record keeping.

  4. It does not identify the cause of observed behaviour.


Correct Option: D

A psychologist watches the rapid eye movements of sleeping subjects. She wakes them and they report that they were dreaming. She concludes that dreams are linked to rapid eye movements. This conclusion is based on

  1. pure speculation

  2. direct observation

  3. deduction from direct observation

  4. prior prediction


Correct Option: C

To prevent ethical abuse in psychological research, the APA has suggested that

  1. psychologists must treat all subjects with respect and concern for the subject's dignity

  2. psychologists must avoid deception to use the human subjects

  3. all data collected from a person must be made public

  4. all psychological harm to subjects must be corrected by counselling


Correct Option: A

A common method for selecting representative samples is to select them

  1. randomly from the larger population

  2. strictly from volunteers

  3. by threatening or coercing institutionalized population

  4. from confidential lists of mail order firms


Correct Option: A

Three major ethical concerns of psychological researchers are deception, lasting harm to subjects and

  1. morality of the question under investigation

  2. loss of future research possibilities

  3. falsified results

  4. invasion of privacy


Correct Option: D

An example of a superordinate goal is

  1. getting good grades

  2. making money

  3. making friends

  4. protecting clean water supplies


Correct Option: D

According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, attitudes are changed because

  1. emotionally persuasive arguments unfreeze beliefs

  2. logical arguments alter the belief component of an attitude

  3. clashing thoughts cause discomfort

  4. acting contrary to one's beliefs for a large reward causes dissonance


Correct Option: C

Dissociation or a split in awareness is an experience commonly associated with

  1. hypnotic induction

  2. amphetamine intoxication

  3. withdrawal symptoms

  4. relaxation training


Correct Option: A

The reduction in the body's response to a drug which may accompany drug use is called

  1. withdrawal

  2. addiction

  3. dependence

  4. tolerance


Correct Option: D

Physical cravings for a drug and unpleasant reactions when the drug is withheld are signs of

  1. drug tolerance

  2. psychological dependence

  3. emotional dependence

  4. physical addiction


Correct Option: D

A sleep disturbance in which one awakens several times during the night and he has difficulty to return to sleep is called

  1. narcolepsy

  2. sleep apnea

  3. somnambulism

  4. insomnia


Correct Option: D

A sudden, irresistible urge to sleep, which lasts a few minutes to half an hour during the daytime is called

  1. narcolepsy

  2. hypersomnia

  3. sleep apnea

  4. sleepwalking disorder


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is part of Wechsler's definition of intelligence?

  1. Naturalistic intelligence

  2. Iconic memory and eidetic imagery

  3. Ability to deal effectively with the environment

  4. Spatial and kinesthetic abilities


Correct Option: C

In Binet's test of intelligence, items included at each age level were those which

  1. could be answered by an average child of that age

  2. measured rote learning and memory

  3. revealed a child's grade level in school

  4. required creative as well as correct answers


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is an approach to measure reliability?

  1. Negative correlation

  2. Double-blind

  3. Content

  4. Test-retest


Correct Option: D

Terman showed that mentally gifted children

  1. have a greater susceptibility to mental illness in adulthood

  2. score in the average IQ range as adults

  3. are successful during their youth but fail to reach their potential in adulthood

  4. are generally successful in their chosen occupations as adults


Correct Option: D

Which of the following statements concerning the relationship between inspection time and IQ is true?

  1. The longer the inspection time, the greater the intelligence.

  2. The longer the inspection time, the lower the intelligence.

  3. The shorter the inspection time, the lower the intelligence.

  4. Inspection time and intelligence are not related.


Correct Option: B

__________ is the capacity for learning certain and specific abilities.

  1. Achievement

  2. Intelligence

  3. Aptitude

  4. Scholastics


Correct Option: C

Mental retardation caused by birth injuries or fetal damage is called __________ retardation.

  1. organic

  2. familial

  3. incidental

  4. medical


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is a factor that influences success for the gifted?

  1. Extrinsic motivation

  2. Level of adjustment

  3. Persistence

  4. Sibling rivalry


Correct Option: C

The items actually selected for an intelligence test provide a(n) __________ definition of intelligence.

  1. functional

  2. valid

  3. reliable

  4. operational


Correct Option: D

Which of the following drugs is physically addictive?

  1. Morphine

  2. Cocaine

  3. Heroin

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
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