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Child Development Test - 10

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Speed of processing has been measured by which of the following techniques?

  1. The number of mistakes a person makes

  2. The amount of time a person needs to clap their hands when instructed

  3. The brain activity that follows exposure to a stimulus

  4. How quickly a person can blink their eyes after being told to do so


Correct Option: C

The distribution of IQ scores

  1. is approximately normal or bell-shaped

  2. shows that most people score between 80 and 100

  3. reveals a difference in the average for men and women

  4. falls off abruptly above 100


Correct Option: A

When the same procedures are used in giving a test to all people, the test has been

  1. validated

  2. normalized

  3. operationalized

  4. standardized


Correct Option: D

When a person of limited intelligence shows exceptional abilities in art, music, mental arithmetic or calendar calculations, it is called

  1. genius

  2. giftedness

  3. discalcula

  4. savant syndrome


Correct Option: D

The best summary statement regarding the role of heredity on human intelligence is that

  1. heredity may impose upper limits on intelligence

  2. heredity may impose lower limits on intelligence

  3. intelligence is almost completely related to genetic inheritance

  4. the similarity in IQ scores among maternal relatives is greater than that among paternal relatives


Correct Option: A

If one psychologist administers a test simultaneously to several people, it must be a __________ test.

  1. reliable

  2. individual

  3. performance

  4. group


Correct Option: D

A test is said to be reliable if it

  1. measures the skill it claims to test

  2. is unaffected by external factors such as the time of administration

  3. gives about the same score to a person when given on different occasions

  4. allows one to correctly predict who will be successful when placed in a real-life situation


Correct Option: C

Sandra is below normal intelligence but she is able to tell you the exact day of the week of September 13, 1957. She has __________ syndrome.

  1. genius

  2. savant

  3. giftedness

  4. calendar assessment


Correct Option: B

Cross-cultural studies during the last thirty years show

  1. virtually no changes in measured intelligence

  2. IQ gains of about 5 points

  3. evidence of genetic drift

  4. IQ gains that are typically 15 points


Correct Option: D

The average twelve-year-old child has a mental age equal to

  1. 100

  2. 120

  3. 10

  4. 12


Correct Option: D

The presentation of an aversive stimulus or the removal of a positive stimulus are both examples of

  1. negative reinforcement

  2. punishment

  3. positive reinforcement

  4. secondary reinforcement


Correct Option: B

In Thorndike's law of effect, events critical for conditioning

  1. occur after the response

  2. occur before the response

  3. occur simultaneously with the response

  4. are unrelated to the response except during extinction


Correct Option: A

If the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can expect

  1. an increase in stimulus generalization

  2. the strength of the UR to increase

  3. an increase in response generalization

  4. extinction to occur


Correct Option: D

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of

  1. operant conditioning

  2. reinforcement

  3. classical conditioning

  4. vicarious conditioning


Correct Option: C

After a response has been extinguished, it often reappears after a short time. This is called

  1. adaptiveness

  2. expectation checking

  3. extinction recovery

  4. spontaneous recovery


Correct Option: D

After pairing the CS and US in a series of conditioning trials, the organism learns to respond to the CS alone. This response is called

  1. unconditioned stimulus

  2. conditioned stimulus

  3. unconditioned response

  4. conditioned response


Correct Option: D

A student does a good job on math problems for homework, and the teacher awards him a sticker. This demonstrates the use of

  1. extinction

  2. reinforcement

  3. spontaneous recovery

  4. antecedents


Correct Option: B

The greatest degree of resistance to extinction is typically caused by a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

  1. variable interval

  2. variable ratio

  3. fixed interval

  4. fixed ratio


Correct Option: A

A punisher can be

  1. the onset of an unpleasant event

  2. the removal of a positive state of affairs

  3. any consequence that reduces the occurrence of a behaviour

  4. a positive reinforcer


Correct Option: C

One difference between classical and operant conditioning is that

  1. animals learn only by operant conditioning

  2. operant conditioning involves learning in which antecedent events are associated with one another

  3. classical conditioning involves learning in which antecedent events are associated with one another

  4. operant conditioning occurs when a response is not affected by consequences


Correct Option: C

A dog that gets rewarded for the first bark it makes in each ten minute period is being reinforced on a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

  1. continuous

  2. fixed interval

  3. variable interval

  4. fixed ratio


Correct Option: B

In a study of punishment, shock is administered to a hamster through a wire grid on the bottom of the cage. To the researcher's surprise, the hamster learns to roll on its back when shocked so that its fur insulates it from the shock. The hamster's response demonstrates

  1. positive reinforcement

  2. negative reinforcement

  3. discovery learning

  4. cognitive learning


Correct Option: B

In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, food was the

  1. conditioned response

  2. unconditioned stimulus

  3. conditioned stimulus

  4. unconditioned response


Correct Option: B

To strengthen the connection between the CS and the CR, the CS must

  1. generalize to the UR

  2. precede the US

  3. be identical to the US

  4. be followed by the UR


Correct Option: B

Which of the following statements about punishment is FALSE?

  1. Punishment teaches new responses.

  2. Punishment temporarily suppresses a response.

  3. Punishment may permanently suppress a response.

  4. Punishment applies an aversive event.


Correct Option: A
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