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Heredity and Variation

Description: proteins
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: mendel alleles dominance Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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A woman has a rare abnormility of eyes, called ptosis. A single dominant gene P is responsible for it. The woman's father had ptosis, but her mother was normal. What is the probable genotype of the woman and her father?

  1. Woman = pp Father = Pp

  2. Woman = Pp Father = pp

  3. Woman = Pp Father= Pp

  4. Woman = pp Father = pp


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The woman would have Pp genotype and her father would also have Pp genotype. As P gene is dominant, her father had ptosis and she inherited this gene from her father, so she also got ptosis.

Mule is a result of

  1. intraspecific hybridisation

  2. interspecific hybridisation

  3. double fertilisation

  4. environmental variation


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mule is the result of interspecific hybridisation. It is a hybrid of donkey and horse.

How many contrasts were used by Mendel in his experiments?

  1. 2

  2. 5

  3. 6

  4. 7


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

7 contrasting traits of pea were used by Mendel in his experiment.

What is the collection of clones having identical genetic make-up called?

  1. Remet

  2. Genet

  3. Twins

  4. Offspring


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The collection of 'clones' of identical genetic make-up is called a 'genet'.

What is an allele?

  1. Functional unit of heredity

  2. A pair of contrasting characters

  3. Number of chromosomes in a haploid set

  4. Total number of chromosomes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Allele is a pair of contrasting characters. 

Which of the following characters was not dominant in Mendel's experiments?

  1. Green pod colour

  2. Inflated pod shape

  3. Green cotyledon

  4. Tall stem


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Green cotyledon was a recessive trait in Mendel's experiment.

If a homozygous tall plant, which remained stunted due to lack of nutrition, is crossed with a short plant, then the ratio of phenotypes in F2 generation is

  1. all tall

  2. 50% tall and 50% short

  3. 75% tall and 25% short

  4. all short


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

75% tall and 25% short plants would be obtained. Law of segregation would be applicable here.

What does phenotypic ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 prove?

  1. Linkage

  2. Dominance

  3. Segregation

  4. Independent assortment


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 proves independent assortment of genes in dihybrid cross.

ABO blood grouping is based on

  1. incomplete dominance and multiple alleles

  2. multiple alleles

  3. co-dominance and multiple allelism

  4. pleiotropic effect


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

ABO blood grouping is based both on co-dominance and multiple allelism. 

Mendel used emasculation technique to carry out his experiments. Which part of a flower is removed in emasculation?

  1. Stigma

  2. Anthers

  3. Ovary

  4. Petals


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Anthers are removed during emasculation to prevent cross pollination.

If A is dominant gene and a is recessive gene and a cross produces 1 : 1 ratio of phenotypes in F1 generation, then the parental genotypes are

  1. Aa X Aa

  2. Aa X aa

  3. AA X aa

  4. AA X AA


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The parental genotypes are Aa and aa.

Incomplete dominance 1 : 2 : 1 ratio is observed in

  1. back cross

  2. F2 generation

  3. F1 generation

  4. R cross


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In incomplete dominance, 1 : 2 : 1 ratio is observed in F2 generation.

The genome of a sexually reproducing diploid contains

  1. one haploid set of chromosomes

  2. full set of chromosomes

  3. two diploid sets of chromosomes

  4. four sets of chromosomes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In classical genetics, in a sexually reproducing diploid organism (typically Eukaryota), the genome is a full set of chromosomes.

How many phenotypes are observed in F2 generation of dihybrid cross?

  1. 4

  2. 16

  3. 3

  4. 9


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are 4 types of phenotypes observed in F2 generation of dihybrid cross.

Which test is used to check the zygosity of an individual?

  1. Back cross

  2. Test cross

  3. Reciprocal cross

  4. Dihybrid cross


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Test cross is used to check the zygosity of an individual.

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