Vygotsky's sociocultural theory emphasizes the role of social interaction in cognitive development, arguing that children learn and develop through their interactions with more knowledgeable others.

Piaget believed that equilibration is the primary mechanism of cognitive development, a process by which children seek to maintain a balance between their existing schemas and new information.

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is based on the idea that children progress through a series of stages, each characterized by a unique crisis that must be resolved in order for the child to develop healthily.

Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes the role of observational learning, arguing that children learn by observing the behavior of others and imitating it.

Bowlby's attachment theory emphasizes the importance of attachment relationships in early childhood development, arguing that secure attachments provide children with a foundation for healthy emotional and social development.

Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory identifies five levels of influence on child development: the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem.

Rogoff's theory of cultural-historical activity emphasizes the role of culture in child development, arguing that children's development is shaped by their participation in culturally-mediated activities.

Self-awareness is the term for the process by which children gradually develop a sense of self, including their own thoughts, feelings, and abilities.

Parten's theory of play emphasizes the importance of play in child development, arguing that play allows children to explore their environment, learn new skills, and develop their social and emotional abilities.

Self-regulation is the term for the process by which children learn to regulate their own behavior, including their emotions, thoughts, and actions.

Plomin's theory of behavioral genetics emphasizes the role of genetics in child development, arguing that genetic factors play a significant role in shaping children's behavior and development.

Language acquisition is the term for the process by which children learn to use language, including understanding and producing spoken and written words.

Wood's theory of scaffolding emphasizes the importance of scaffolding in child development, arguing that adults can support children's learning by providing temporary assistance that is gradually withdrawn as the child becomes more competent.

Cooperative learning is the term for the process by which children learn to cooperate with others in order to achieve a common goal.

Kohlberg's theory of moral development emphasizes the importance of moral development in child development, arguing that children progress through a series of stages as they develop their understanding of right and wrong.