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Indian Contributions to Astronomy and Cosmology

Description: This quiz covers the significant contributions made by Indian astronomers and cosmologists to the field of astronomy and cosmology.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian astronomy cosmology indian contributions
Attempted 0/15 Correct 0 Score 0

Who was the first Indian astronomer to propose a heliocentric model of the solar system?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, proposed a heliocentric model in which the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun.

Which Indian astronomer developed the concept of the 'zero' and introduced it into mathematics and astronomy?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata introduced the concept of the 'zero' and developed a system of positional notation in the 5th century CE.

What was the name of the astronomical observatory built by Maharaja Jai Singh II in the early 18th century?

  1. Jantar Mantar

  2. Rashtrapati Bhavan

  3. Red Fort

  4. Qutub Minar


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Maharaja Jai Singh II constructed five Jantar Mantars in different cities across India, including Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, Varanasi, and Mathura.

Who was the first Indian astronomer to calculate the Earth's circumference accurately?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, calculated the Earth's circumference to be approximately 40,000 km, which is remarkably close to the modern value.

Which Indian astronomer developed the concept of 'grahas' or planets and classified them into different categories?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Varahamihira, in the 6th century CE, classified planets into different categories based on their motion, appearance, and influence on human affairs.

What was the name of the Indian astronomer who developed the 'Surya Siddhanta', a treatise on astronomy and cosmology?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, wrote the 'Surya Siddhanta', which became a foundational text in Indian astronomy and was later translated into Arabic and Latin.

Which Indian astronomer developed the 'Lilavati', a treatise on mathematics and astronomy that included chapters on arithmetic, geometry, and trigonometry?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bhaskara II, in the 12th century CE, wrote the 'Lilavati', which became a standard textbook for mathematics and astronomy in India.

What was the name of the Indian astronomer who developed the 'Brahmasphuta Siddhanta', a treatise on astronomy and mathematics that included solutions to quadratic equations and indeterminate equations?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Brahmagupta, in the 7th century CE, wrote the 'Brahmasphuta Siddhanta', which included significant advances in mathematics, such as the solutions to quadratic equations.

Which Indian astronomer developed the 'Siddhānta Śiromani', a treatise on astronomy and mathematics that included chapters on spherical trigonometry and the motion of planets?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bhaskara II, in the 12th century CE, wrote the 'Siddhānta Śiromani', which covered a wide range of astronomical and mathematical topics.

What was the name of the Indian astronomer who developed the 'Aryabhatiya', a treatise on astronomy and mathematics that included chapters on arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, wrote the 'Aryabhatiya', which became a foundational text in Indian astronomy and mathematics.

Which Indian astronomer developed the 'Pancasiddhantika', a treatise on astronomy that compared five different astronomical systems?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Varahamihira, in the 6th century CE, wrote the 'Pancasiddhantika', which compared the astronomical systems of five different schools of thought.

What was the name of the Indian astronomer who developed the 'Brihat Samhita', a treatise on astrology and astronomy that included chapters on planetary positions, eclipses, and weather forecasting?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Varahamihira, in the 6th century CE, wrote the 'Brihat Samhita', which covered a wide range of topics related to astrology and astronomy.

Which Indian astronomer developed the 'Khandakhadyaka', a treatise on astronomy and mathematics that included chapters on planetary motion, eclipses, and trigonometry?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Brahmagupta, in the 7th century CE, wrote the 'Khandakhadyaka', which covered a wide range of astronomical and mathematical topics.

What was the name of the Indian astronomer who developed the 'Surya Prajnapti', a treatise on astronomy that included chapters on planetary motion, eclipses, and the construction of astronomical instruments?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option:
Explanation:

Mayananda, in the 10th century CE, wrote the 'Surya Prajnapti', which covered a wide range of astronomical topics.

Which Indian astronomer developed the 'Tantrasamgraha', a treatise on astronomy and mathematics that included chapters on planetary motion, eclipses, and trigonometry?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Bhaskara II

  3. Brahmagupta

  4. Nilakantha Somayaji


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nilakantha Somayaji, in the 15th century CE, wrote the 'Tantrasamgraha', which covered a wide range of astronomical and mathematical topics.

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