Harmony is the simultaneous sounding of multiple notes, while melody is a succession of notes, rhythm is the pattern of beats and accents, and texture is the overall sound of a piece of music.

Major chords are the most common type of chord in Western music. They are characterized by their bright and cheerful sound.

The main difference between a major and a minor chord is the interval between the root and the third. In a major chord, the third is a major third (four half steps), while in a minor chord, the third is a minor third (three half steps).

Cadence is the term for the progression of chords in a piece of music. Cadences are used to create a sense of closure or resolution.

The perfect cadence is the most common type of cadence. It consists of a V chord followed by a I chord.

A sequence is the repetition of a chord pattern at different pitch levels.

Counterpoint is the simultaneous sounding of two or more melodies. It is a technique that is often used in classical music.

Dissonance is the use of intervals that are considered to be harsh or unstable. It is often used to create tension or drama in music.

Consonance is the resolution of dissonance. It is the use of intervals that are considered to be stable or pleasing.

Chromaticism is the use of notes that are not in the key of the piece. It is often used to create a sense of tension or drama.

Modulation is the change of key in a piece of music. It is often used to create a sense of contrast or development.

Suspension is the temporary delay of a note in a chord. It is often used to create a sense of tension or drama.

Appoggiatura is the grace note that is played before a main note. It is often used to create a sense of ornamentation or embellishment.

Pedal point is the sustained note in the bass register that is played throughout a section of music. It is often used to create a sense of stability or grounding.

Ostinato is the repeated melodic or rhythmic pattern that is used throughout a section of music. It is often used to create a sense of momentum or drive.