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Child Development Test - 6

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Which of the following is the percentage of pre-school children who are diagnosed with a phonological disorder of unknown origin?

  1. 4%

  2. 5%

  3. 6%

  4. 3%


Correct Option: D

In __________ reinforcement, the reinforcer follows every correct response.

  1. intermittent

  2. partial

  3. negative

  4. continuous


Correct Option: D

To have 47 chromosomes in each cell instead of 46 is a characteristic of

  1. down syndrome

  2. cretinism

  3. hydrocephaly

  4. microcephaly


Correct Option: A

Stuttering is a disturbance in the normal fluency and time pattern of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age. It involves which of the following?

  1. Frequent repetitions or prolongations of sounds

  2. Pauses within words

  3. Filled or unfilled pauses in speech

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

A series of responses that gradually approach a desired pattern of behaviour are called

  1. adaptations

  2. gradients

  3. successive approximations

  4. conditioning trials


Correct Option: C

In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, the conditioned stimulus was the

  1. food

  2. bell

  3. salivation to the food

  4. salivation to the bell


Correct Option: B

The intelligence test scores of identical twins are

  1. lower when they are raised together than when they are raised apart

  2. greater than the fraternal twins raised together

  3. lower than any other blood relatives

  4. the same whether they are reared together or apart


Correct Option: B

Which of the following is a technique used to address stuttering?

  1. Purposeful speech

  2. Practical speech

  3. Delayed speech

  4. Prolonged speech


Correct Option: D

Reinforcement in operant conditioning is most effective when it is

  1. response contingent

  2. stimulus contingent

  3. US-CS contingent

  4. NS-CS contingent


Correct Option: A

In classical conditioning, events critical to the learning occur __________ the response.

  1. before

  2. after

  3. simultaneously with

  4. in a manner unrelated to


Correct Option: A

A child has learned to avoid a furry, black cat. However, she still plays with her grandmother's short-haired tabby. Her response demonstrates

  1. negative transfer

  2. extinction

  3. discrimination

  4. successive approximation


Correct Option: C

There is a strong relationship between dating frequency and physical attractiveness

  1. for males

  2. for females

  3. for both males and females

  4. beyond the initial stage of attraction


Correct Option: B

When we perform well, we typically attribute our success to __________.

  1. internal characteristics

  2. our group of colleagues

  3. external circumstances

  4. our personality type


Correct Option: A

Becoming addicted to gambling is related to the effects of

  1. shaping

  2. vicarious classical conditioning

  3. unconditioned emotional reflexes

  4. partial reinforcement


Correct Option: D

The __________ hypothesis states that frustration tends to lead to aggression.

  1. frustration-aggression

  2. biological instinct

  3. social learning

  4. cognitive dissonance


Correct Option: A

Behavioural theories of personality are often criticized for their

  1. inability to test or verify concepts

  2. limited recognition of temperament, emotion and subjective factors

  3. ability to explain behaviour after the fact only

  4. emphasis on the conditions under which behaviours occur


Correct Option: B

According to evolutionary psychologists,

  1. women tend to be concerned with whether mates will devote time and resources to a relationship

  2. men place less emphasis on physical attractiveness

  3. women place more emphasis on sexual fidelity

  4. men are biologically driven to have multiple partners


Correct Option: A

Learning theorists

  1. have removed the "person" from personality

  2. emphasize situational determinants of behaviour

  3. stress the role of the unconscious

  4. would view a trait as stable in all situations


Correct Option: B

Which statement about physical attractiveness is FALSE?

  1. Beauty is a factor mainly in initial acquaintances.

  2. Looks are less related to dating frequency for men than for women.

  3. For men, there is little relationship between attractiveness and the achievement of status.

  4. For marriage partners, there is a tendency for attractive men to be paired with highly educated women with high incomes.


Correct Option: D

The degree of attraction among group members relates to the dimension of

  1. compatibility

  2. structure

  3. cohesiveness

  4. conformity


Correct Option: C

A personality theory is a(n)

  1. category used to describe personality

  2. interrelated system of concepts used to explain personality

  3. relatively permanent set of behaviour patterns

  4. subjective evaluation of a person


Correct Option: B

One problem that psychologists have with personality types is that they

  1. are hypothetical constructs

  2. oversimplify personality

  3. describe character, not personality

  4. are not observable or measurable


Correct Option: B

Unconsciousness contains

  1. material that can easily be brought to awareness

  2. everything we are aware of at a given moment

  3. repressed memories and emotions

  4. thoughts, perceptions and memories


Correct Option: C

Attribution theory concerns with our tendency to explain our behaviour and that of others

  1. by external causes rather than internal causes

  2. by inferring causes on the basis of internal or external factors

  3. by internal rather than external causes

  4. based on personality factors


Correct Option: B

Which of the following criteria can be used to define Intellectual disabilities?

  1. Significantly below average intellectual functioning

  2. Impairments in adaptive functioning generally

  3. These deficits should be manifest before the age of 18-years

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
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