When the output Y in the circuit below is ‘1’, it implies that data has

The logic function implemented by the circuit below is (ground implies logic 0)

Two D flip-flops are connected as a synchronous counter that goes through the following Q_BQ_A sequence 00^{_{$\rightarrow$}}11^{_{$\rightarrow$}}01^{_{$\rightarrow$}}10^{_{$\rightarrow$}}00^{_{$\rightarrow$}}… The combination to the inputs D_A and D_B are

The output of a 3-stage Johnson (twisted ring) counter is fed to a digital-to analog (D/A) converter as shown in the figure below. Assume all the states of the counter to be unset initially. The waveform which represents the D/A converter output V_o is

The output Y in the circuit below is always '1' when

An 8085 assembly language program is given below. Assume that the carry flag is initially unset. The content of the accumulator after the execution of the program is

A transmission line of characteristic impedance 50W is terminated in a load impedance Z_L. The VSWR of the line is measured as 5 and the first of the voltage maxima in the line is observed at a distance of $\dfrac{\lambda}{4}$from the load. The value of Z_L is

A silicon PN junction is forward biased with a constant current at room temperature. When the temperature is increased by 10^oC, the forward bias voltage across the PN junction

A Zener diode used in voltage stabilisation circuits is biased in

A transmission line of characteristic impedance 50 Ω is terminated by a 50 Ωload. When excited by a sinusoidal voltage source at 10 GHz, the phase difference between two points spaced 2 mm apart on the line is found to be $\dfrac{2\pi}{\lambda}$ radians. The phase velocity of the wave along the line is

The electric and magnetic fields for a TEM wave of frequency 14 GHz in a homogeneous medium of relative permittivity $\epsilon_r$ and relative permeability $\mu_r$ = 1 are given by $\vec E = E_p e^{j(\omega t - 280\pi \gamma)} \widehat U_z V/m \qquad \vec H = 3 e^{j(\omega t - 280\pi \gamma)} \widehat U_x A/m $

Assuming the speed of light in free space to be 3 x 10⁸ m/s, the intrinsic impedance of free space to be 120$\pi$, the relative permittivity$\epsilon_r$of the medium and the electric field amplitude E_p are

The modes in a rectangular waveguide are denoted by where m and n are the eigen numbers along the larger and smaller dimensions of the waveguide respectively. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

A current sheet $\vec j$= 10$\widehat u_y$A/m lies on the dielectric interface x = 0 between two dielectric media with $\epsilon_{r1}$= 5, $\mu_{r1}$ = 1 in Region - 1 (x < 0) and $\epsilon_{r2}$ = 5, $\mu_{r2}$ = 2 in Region - 2 (x > 0). If the magnetic field in Region -1 at x = 0^- is $\vec H_1$ = 3$\widehat u_x$+ 30$\widehat u_y$A /m the magnetic field in Region -2 at x = 0 + is

c(t) and m(t) are used to generate an FM signal. If the peak frequency deviation of the generated FM signal is three times the transmission bandwidth of the AM signal, then the coefficient of the term $\cos[2\pi(1008 \times 10^3t)] $ in the FM signal (in terms of the Bessel coefficients) is

An analog signal is band-limited to 4kHz, sampled at the Nyquist rate and the samples are quantized into 4 levels. The quantized levels are assumed to be independent and equally probable. If we transmit two quantized samples per second, the information rate is

Match the following:||||| |---|---|---|---| | | Column-I| | Column-II| | P| Power efficient transmission of signals| 1| Conventional AM| | Q| Most bandwidth efficient transmission of voice signals| 2| FM| | R| Simplest receiver structure| 3| VSB| | S| Bandwidth efficient transmission of signals with significant dc component| 4| SSB-SC|

A four-phase and an eight-phase signal constellation are shown in the figure below

Assuming high SNR and that all signals are equally probable, the additional average transmitted signal energy required by the 8-PSK signal to achieve the same error probability as the 4-PSK signal is

A four-phase and an eight-phase signal constellation are shown in the figure below.

For the constraint that the minimum distance between pairs of signal points be d for both constellations, the radii r₁, and r₂ of the circles are

X(t) is a stationary random process with autocorrelation function R_x(^_$\tau$) = exp ^{$(\pi r^2)$}. This process is passed through the system shown below. The power spectral density of the output process Y(t) is

A system is defined by its impulse response h (n) = 2ⁿu (n - 2). The system is

An input x (t) exp (- 2t) u (t) + $\delta$ (t - 6) is applied to an LTI system with impulse response h(t) u (t). The output is

The trigonometric Fourier series of an even function does not have the

The first six points of the 8-point DFT of a real valued sequence are 5, 1 - j3,0,3 - j4, 0 and 3 + j4. The last two points of the DFT are respectively

Two systems H₁ (z) and H₂ (z) are connected in cascade as shown below. The overall output y(n) is the same as the input x(n) with a one unit delay. The transfer function of the second system H₂ (z) is

If the unit step response of a network is $(1 - e^{-\omega t})$, then its unit impulse response is

The differential equation 100$\dfrac{d^2 y}{dt^2}$- 20$\dfrac{dy}{dt}$ + y = x(t) describes a system with an input x(t) and an output y(t). The system, which is initially relaxed, is excited by a unit step input. The output y(t) can be represented by the waveform

In the circuit shown below, the value of R_L such that the power transferred to R_L is maximum is

In the circuit shown below, the initial charge on the capacitor is 2.5 mC, with the voltage polarity as indicated. The switch is closed at time t = 0. The current i(t) at a time t after the switch is closed is

In the circuit shown below, the current I is equal to

In the circuit shown below, the Norton equivalent current in amperes with respect to the terminals P and Q is

The circuit shown below is driven by a sinusoidal input v_i = V_p cos (t /RC). The steady state output v_o is

In the circuit shown below, the network N is described by the following Y matrix:

Y = $\left[ \begin{array} \ 0.1S & -0.01S \\ 0.01S & 0.1S \end{array} \right]$. The voltage gain $\dfrac{V_2}{V_1}$is

The root locus plot for a system is given below. The open loop transfer function corresponding to this plot is given by

In the circuit shown below, capacitors C₁ and C₂ are very large and are shorts at the input frequency. v_i is a small signal input. The gain magnitude $|\frac{v_0}{v_i}|$ at 10 M

The solution of the differential equation ^{$\frac{dy}{dx}$} = ky, y (0) = c is

The circuit below implements a filter between the input current ii and the output voltage v_o. Assume that the opamp is ideal. The filter implemented is a

The value of the integral $\oint_c \frac{-3z + 4}{(z^2 + 4z + 5)}$dz where c is the circle |z| = 1 is given by

Consider a closed surface S surrounding volume V. If $\overrightarrow{r}$is the position vector of a point inside S, with $\hat{n}$ the unit normal on S, the value of the integral $\oint_s 5 \hat{r} . \overrightarrow{n} dS$is

_{Consider the following statements regarding the complex Poynting vector} ^{$\overrightarrow{P}$} _{for the power radiated by a point source in an infinite homogeneous and lossless medium Re} ^{$(\overrightarrow{P})$} _{denotes the real part of} ^{$\overrightarrow{P}$}_{. S denotes a spherical surface whose centre is at the point source, and} ^$\hat{n}$ _{denotes the unit surface normal on S. Which of the following statements is TRUE?}

In the circuit shown below, for the MOS transistors, $\mu_n C - {ox}$ = 100$\mu A/V^2$and the threshold voltage V_T = 1V. The voltage V_x at the source of the upper transistor is

If F (s) = L [f (t)] = $\frac{2(s+1)}{s^2 + 4s + 7}$ then the initial and final values of f(t) are respectively

For a BJT the common base current gain $\alpha$ = 0.98 and the collector base junction reverse bias saturation current I_CO 0.6$\mu A$. This BJT is connected in the common emitter mode and operated in the active region with a base drive current I_B = 20XA. The collector current I_C for this mode of operation is

A numerical solution of the equation f(x) = x + ^{$\sqrt{x - 3}$} = 0 can be obtained using Newton Raphson method. If the starting value is x = 2 for the iteration, the value of x that is to be used in the next step is

The input-output transfer function of a plant H(x) = $\dfrac{100}{s(s+10)^2}$. The plant is placed in a unity negative feedback configuration as shown in the figure below.

The signal flow graph that DOES NOT model the plant transfer function H(s) is

The input-output transfer function of a plant H(x) = $$\dfrac{100}{s(s+10)^2}$$. The plant is placed in a unity negative feedback configuration as shown in the figure below.

The gain margin of the system under closed loop unity negative feedback is

For the BJT Q_L in the circuit shown below, $\beta = \infty$, $V_{B Eon - 0.7, V_{cEsat}}$0.7V. The switch is initially closed. At time t = 0, the switch is opened. The time t at which Q₁ leaves the active region is

There are two candidates P and Q in an election. During the campaign, 40% of the voters promised to vote for P, and rest for Q. However, on the day of election 15% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for P and instead voted for Q. 25% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for Q and instead voted for P. Suppose, P lost by 2 votes, then what was the total number of voters?

In the circuit shown below, assume that the voltage drop across a forward biased diode is 0.7 V. The thermal voltage V_t = kT / q = 25mV. The small signal input v_i = V_p cos $(\omega t)$ where V_p = 100 mV.

The bias current I_DC through the diodes is

The system of equations x + y + z = 6 x + 4y + 6z = 20 x + 4y + ^{_{$\lambda z$}} = ^_$\mu$ has NO solution for values of ^_$\lambda$ and ^_$\mu$ given by

There are two candidates P and Q in an election. During the campaign, 40% of the voters promised to vote for P, and rest for Q. However, on the day of election 15% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for P and instead voted for Q. 25% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for Q and instead voted for P. Suppose, P lost by 2 votes, then what was the total number of voters?

Choose the word from the options given below that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the given word:

Frequency

The block diagram of a system with one input it and two outputs y₁ and y₂ is given below:

A state space model of the above system in terms of the state vector x and the output vector y = [y₁ y₂]^T is

There are two candidates P and Q in an election. During the campaign, 40% of the voters promised to vote for P, and rest for Q. However, on the day of election 15% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for P and instead voted for Q. 25% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for Q and instead voted for P. Suppose, P lost by 2 votes, then what was the total number of voters?

Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following sentence:

Under ethical guidelines recently adopted by the Indian Medical Association, human genes are to be manipulated only to correct diseases for which ______________ treatments are unsatisfactory.

Given that f(y) = |y| / y, and q is any non-zero real number, the value of | f(q) - f(-q) | is

Three friends, R, S and T shared toffee from a bowl. R took 1/3^rd of the toffees, but returned four to the bowl. S took 1/4^th of what was left but returned three toffees to the bowl. T took half of the remainder but returned two back into the bowl. If the bowl had 17 toffees left, how many toffees-were originally there in the bowl?

In the circuit shown below, assume that the voltage drop across a forward biased diode is 0.7 V. The thermal voltage V_t = kT/q = 25 mV and small signal input v_i = V_p cos $(\omega t)$ where V_p = 100 mV.

The ac output voltage v_ac is

The horse has played a little known but very important role in the field of medicine. Horses were injected with toxins of diseases until their blood built up immunities. Then a serum was made from their blood. Serums to fight with diphtheria and tetanus were developed this way. It can be inferred from the passage that horses were

Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following sentence:

It was her view that the country's problems had been _________ by foreign technocrats, so that to invite them to come back would be counter-productive.

The sum of n terms of the series 4 + 44 + 444 + .... is

For the transfer function G (j$\omega$ ) = 5 + j$\omega$, the corresponding Nyquist plot for positive frequency has the form

The fuel consumed by a motorcycle during a journey while traveling at various speeds is indicated in the graph below:

The distances covered during four laps of the journey are listed in the table below:

From the given data, we can conclude that the fuel consumed per kilometre was least during the lap

There are two candidates P and Q in an election. During the campaign, 40% of the voters promised to vote for P, and rest for Q. However, on the day of election 15% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for P and instead voted for Q. 25% of the voters went back on their promise to vote for Q and instead voted for P. Suppose, P lost by 2 votes, then what was the total number of voters?

The question below consists of a pair of related words followed by four pairs of words. Select the pair that best expresses the relation in the original pair: Gladiator : Arena

A fair dice is tossed two times. The probability that the second toss results in a value that is higher than the first toss is

Drift current in semiconductors depends upon

The channel resistance of an N-channel JFET shown in the figure below is 600$\Omega$ when the full channel thickness (t_ch) of 10$\mu$m is available for conduction. The built-in voltage of the gate P⁺ N junction (V_bi) is - 1 V. When the gate to source voltage (V_GS) is 0 V, the channel is depleted by 1$\mu$m on each side due to the built in voltage and hence the thickness available for conduction is only 8$\mu$m

The channel resistance when V_GS = - 3 V is

The channel resistance of an N-channel JFET shown in the figure below is 600$\Omega$ when the full channel thickness (t_ch) of 10$\mu$m is available for conduction. The built-in voltage of the gate P⁺ N junction (V_bi) is - 1 V. When the gate to source voltage (V_GS) is 0 V, the channel is depleted by 1$\mu$m on each side due to the built in voltage and hence the thickness available for conduction is only 8$\mu$m

The channel resistance when V_GS = - 3 V is