The study of the spatial arrangement of ecosystems and habitats.

The study of the effects of habitat fragmentation on species.

The study of the relationship between humans and their environment.

The study of the distribution of species across a landscape.

The process of dividing a habitat into smaller and smaller pieces.

The process of creating new habitats.

The process of connecting different habitats.

The process of restoring degraded habitats.

Agriculture

Urbanization

Mining

All of the above

Loss of biodiversity

Increased risk of extinction

Reduced gene flow

All of the above

Creating wildlife corridors

Restoring degraded habitats

Reducing the number of roads

All of the above

A habitat corridor is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger habitats, while a stepping stone is a small patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of different habitat.

A habitat corridor is a large patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of different habitat, while a stepping stone is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger habitats.

A habitat corridor is a small patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of different habitat, while a stepping stone is a large patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of different habitat.

A habitat corridor is a narrow strip of land that connects two smaller habitats, while a stepping stone is a small patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of the same habitat.

Edge effects are the changes that occur in the environment at the boundary between two different habitats.

Edge effects are the changes that occur in the environment at the center of a habitat.

Edge effects are the changes that occur in the environment at the boundary between two different species.

Edge effects are the changes that occur in the environment at the center of a species.

A landscape matrix is the dominant habitat type in a landscape, while a landscape mosaic is a mixture of different habitat types.

A landscape matrix is a mixture of different habitat types, while a landscape mosaic is the dominant habitat type in a landscape.

A landscape matrix is a small patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of different habitat, while a landscape mosaic is a large patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of different habitat.

A landscape matrix is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger habitats, while a landscape mosaic is a small patch of habitat that is surrounded by a matrix of the same habitat.

Metapopulation dynamics is the study of how populations of the same species are distributed across a landscape.

Metapopulation dynamics is the study of how populations of different species are distributed across a landscape.

Metapopulation dynamics is the study of how populations of the same species are distributed across a habitat.

Metapopulation dynamics is the study of how populations of different species are distributed across a habitat.

Landscape connectivity is important for the movement of organisms and the flow of energy and nutrients.

Landscape connectivity is important for the isolation of organisms and the prevention of the flow of energy and nutrients.

Landscape connectivity is important for the creation of new habitats and the destruction of old habitats.

Landscape connectivity is important for the fragmentation of habitats and the isolation of organisms.

Scale is important in landscape ecology because it determines the size of the landscape that is being studied.

Scale is important in landscape ecology because it determines the types of organisms that are being studied.

Scale is important in landscape ecology because it determines the methods that are being used to study the landscape.

All of the above

The lack of data on landscape patterns and processes.

The difficulty of modeling landscape dynamics.

The need to integrate landscape ecology with other disciplines.

All of the above

The development of new methods for studying landscape patterns and processes.

The integration of landscape ecology with other disciplines.

The application of landscape ecology to conservation and land-use planning.

All of the above

Remote sensing

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Field surveys

Molecular ecology