2019

2017

2015

2013

Testamentary trust

Living trust

Totten trust

Spendthrift trust

18

21

16

14

The cancellation or revocation of a will

The satisfaction of a bequest by the testator during his or her lifetime

The distribution of an estate's assets to the testator's heirs

The appointment of an executor or administrator to manage an estate

The failure of a bequest to take effect because the beneficiary dies before the testator

The failure of a bequest to take effect because the testator dies before the beneficiary

The failure of a bequest to take effect because the bequest is void

The failure of a bequest to take effect because the bequest is illegal

The right of a surviving spouse to choose between taking a share of the deceased spouse's estate under the will or taking a share of the estate under the law of intestacy

The right of a child to choose between taking a share of the deceased parent's estate under the will or taking a share of the estate under the law of intestacy

The right of a creditor to choose between taking a share of the deceased debtor's estate under the will or taking a share of the estate under the law of intestacy

The right of an heir to choose between taking a share of the deceased ancestor's estate under the will or taking a share of the estate under the law of intestacy

The reduction of a bequest because the estate is insufficient to pay all of the bequests in full

The increase of a bequest because the estate is larger than anticipated

The cancellation of a bequest because the bequest is void

The distribution of an estate's assets to the testator's heirs

The application of a bequest to a similar purpose when the original purpose of the bequest is impossible or impractical to carry out

The application of a bequest to a different purpose when the original purpose of the bequest is no longer relevant

The application of a bequest to a different purpose when the original purpose of the bequest is illegal

The application of a bequest to a different purpose when the original purpose of the bequest is void

The rule that a person cannot devise property to his or her own heirs

The rule that a person cannot devise property to his or her own children

The rule that a person cannot devise property to his or her own grandchildren

The rule that a person cannot devise property to his or her own great-grandchildren

The combination of two or more estates into a single estate

The division of an estate into two or more estates

The termination of an estate

The distribution of an estate's assets to the testator's heirs

The moving up of the time at which a remainder interest vests

The moving up of the time at which a life estate terminates

The moving up of the time at which a reversionary interest vests

The moving up of the time at which a fee simple absolute interest vests

The principle that a contract for the sale of land is treated as a conveyance of the land for the purpose of determining the rights of the parties

The principle that a devise of land is treated as a conveyance of the land for the purpose of determining the rights of the parties

The principle that a bequest of money is treated as a conveyance of the land for the purpose of determining the rights of the parties

The principle that a gift of land is treated as a conveyance of the land for the purpose of determining the rights of the parties

A trust that arises when a person transfers property to another person without specifying the purpose of the transfer

A trust that arises when a person transfers property to another person for an illegal purpose

A trust that arises when a person transfers property to another person for a void purpose

A trust that arises when a person transfers property to another person for an impossible purpose

A trust that arises when a person acquires property through fraud, duress, or undue influence

A trust that arises when a person acquires property through a mistake

A trust that arises when a person acquires property through an illegal act

A trust that arises when a person acquires property through a void act