Urban-rural migration is not a type of migration because it refers to the movement of people from urban areas to rural areas, which is not considered migration in the traditional sense.

Economic opportunities, such as better job prospects and higher wages, are the primary factor that influences international migration.

Environmental degradation is not a direct consequence of migration. However, it can be an indirect consequence if migration leads to increased resource consumption and pollution.

Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups in social status, either upward or downward.

Horizontal mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups within the same social stratum, while social mobility typically involves movement between strata.

Social decline refers to the downward movement of individuals or groups in social status.

While gender can influence social mobility, it is not a direct factor like education, occupation, and income.

Social mobility refers to the process by which individuals or groups move from one social class to another.

Increased social conflict is not a direct consequence of social mobility. However, it can be an indirect consequence if social mobility leads to increased competition and resentment between different social groups.

Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups between different social classes.

Horizontal mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups within the same social stratum, while social mobility typically involves movement between strata.

Social decline refers to the downward movement of individuals or groups in social status.

While gender can influence social mobility, it is not a direct factor like education, occupation, and income.

Social mobility refers to the process by which individuals or groups move from one social class to another.

Increased social conflict is not a direct consequence of social mobility. However, it can be an indirect consequence if social mobility leads to increased competition and resentment between different social groups.