Premchand, known for his realistic portrayal of Indian society, frequently explored the theme of hope in the face of social injustice.

Hori, the protagonist of "Godaan", is a poor peasant who struggles against poverty, exploitation, and social injustice.

Mulk Raj Anand's "Untouchable" tells the story of Bakha, a Dalit boy who faces discrimination and oppression due to his caste.

Velutha, a Dalit man in "The God of Small Things", faces discrimination and violence due to his caste, ultimately leading to his tragic death.

Mahasweta Devi, known for her commitment to social justice, frequently explores the theme of hope amidst poverty and social inequality in her writings.

Birsa Munda, the protagonist of "Hajar Churashir Maa", is a tribal leader who fights against British colonial rule and oppression.

Salman Rushdie's "The Moor's Last Sigh" tells the story of Moraes Zogoiby, a Muslim man who faces discrimination and prejudice in post-independence India.

Tridib, a Hindu boy in "The Shadow Lines", represents the possibility of overcoming religious divisions and fostering harmony.

Arundhati Roy, known for her political activism and commitment to social justice, frequently explores the theme of hope amidst political conflict and violence in her writings.

Estha, a young girl in "The God of Small Things", represents the possibility of hope and renewal despite the violence and trauma she experiences.

Kiran Desai's "The Inheritance of Loss" tells the story of three generations of women in a Bengali family, exploring their struggles against patriarchal norms and expectations.

Sai, a young woman in "The Inheritance of Loss", represents the possibility of breaking free from patriarchal constraints and pursuing her own aspirations.

Amitav Ghosh, known for his engagement with environmental issues, frequently explores the theme of hope in the face of environmental degradation and climate change in his writings.

Piya, a marine biologist in "The Hungry Tide", represents the possibility of finding solutions to environmental problems and protecting the natural world.

Aravind Adiga's "The White Tiger" tells the story of Balram Halwai, a poor farmer who fights against the exploitation of corporate landowners.