It seeks to generalize findings to a larger population.

It emphasizes the collection of numerical data.

It aims to understand the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals.

It relies solely on statistical analysis for data interpretation.

To generate a hypothesis for further testing.

To develop a comprehensive theory based on existing literature.

To explore and understand a phenomenon from the perspectives of participants.

To identify causal relationships between variables.

Survey questionnaires

Experimental manipulation

Participant observation

Meta-analysis

To assign numerical values to data for statistical analysis.

To categorize and organize data based on themes and patterns.

To calculate means, medians, and standard deviations.

To generate graphs and charts for data visualization.

Randomized controlled trial

Cross-sectional survey

Phenomenological study

Longitudinal cohort study

To remain objective and detached from the research participants.

To actively engage with participants and build rapport.

To manipulate variables and control the research environment.

To ensure the anonymity and confidentiality of participants.

Difficulty in generalizing findings to a larger population.

Lack of control over variables and research conditions.

Bias introduced by the researcher's subjective interpretations.

All of the above

To ensure the accuracy and validity of data collected.

To obtain informed consent from participants.

To protect the confidentiality of participants.

To recruit participants for the research study.

SPSS

NVivo

Excel

Stata

It allows the researcher to remain objective and detached from the research.

It helps the researcher identify and address their own biases and assumptions.

It enables the researcher to manipulate variables and control research conditions.

It ensures the anonymity and confidentiality of participants.

Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Convenience sampling

Stratified sampling

To increase the sample size and enhance statistical power.

To combine data from different sources to enhance the validity and reliability of findings.

To control for confounding variables and establish causal relationships.

To ensure the anonymity and confidentiality of participants.

Obtaining informed consent from participants.

Protecting the confidentiality and anonymity of participants.

Avoiding harm to participants during the research process.

All of the above

It indicates that all possible data has been collected and no new insights are emerging.

It ensures that the sample size is large enough for statistical analysis.

It helps the researcher identify and control confounding variables.

It allows the researcher to generalize findings to a larger population.

Descriptive statistics

Hypothesis testing

Narrative accounts

Regression analysis