Oral tradition is not a primary source for studying ancient battles because it is not a direct record of the events in question. It is subject to change and distortion over time, and it is difficult to verify its accuracy.

Military history is the study of the history of warfare, including the strategies, tactics, weapons, and technologies used in warfare, as well as the social and cultural factors that influence warfare.

All of the above are common challenges in interpreting ancient accounts of battles. The lack of reliable sources means that historians often have to rely on fragmentary or biased accounts. The use of biased or exaggerated language can make it difficult to determine the truth of what happened. And the difficulty in understanding ancient military terminology can lead to misunderstandings about the strategies and tactics used in battle.

All of the above are reasons why ancient battles are significant in shaping our understanding of the ancient world. They provide insights into the political, social, and cultural factors that shaped ancient societies, they help us to understand the development of military technology and tactics, and they shed light on the lives of ordinary people in the ancient world.

The Battle of Cannae is an example of an ancient battle that is still studied and debated today. It was a decisive victory for the Carthaginians over the Romans in the Second Punic War, and it is considered one of the greatest military defeats in Roman history.

Archaeology is the study of the physical remains of ancient battles. Archaeologists can uncover evidence of battles, such as weapons, armor, and fortifications, which can help us to understand how the battles were fought and what the consequences were.

The Peloponnesian War was an ancient battle that was fought over a long period of time. It lasted for 27 years, from 431 to 404 BC, and it involved the two major powers of the Greek world, Athens and Sparta.

Epigraphy is the study of ancient inscriptions. Epigraphers can study inscriptions on monuments, coins, and other objects to learn about ancient history, culture, and religion.

The Battle of Marathon was an ancient battle that was fought over a relatively short period of time. It lasted for only one day, in 490 BC, and it involved the Athenians and the Persians.

Numismatics is the study of ancient coins. Numismatists can study coins to learn about ancient history, culture, and economics.

The Battle of Hastings was an ancient battle that was fought between two non-state actors. It was fought between the Normans, led by William the Conqueror, and the English, led by Harold Godwinson.

Paleography is the study of ancient handwriting. Paleographers can study ancient manuscripts and inscriptions to learn about ancient history, culture, and literature.

The Battle of Cannae was an ancient battle that was fought between two state actors. It was fought between the Carthaginians, led by Hannibal, and the Romans, led by Lucius Aemilius Paullus.

Polemology is the study of ancient military technology. Polemologists can study ancient weapons, armor, and fortifications to learn about ancient warfare.

The Battle of Alesia was an ancient battle that was fought between a state actor and a non-state actor. It was fought between the Romans, led by Julius Caesar, and the Gauls, led by Vercingetorix.