Factor analysis is a technique used in exploratory data analysis to identify underlying patterns in a dataset. It is not commonly used in educational research.

Descriptive statistics are used to summarize and describe data in a meaningful way. They can be used to calculate measures of central tendency, variability, and distribution.

Hypothesis testing is an inferential statistic that allows researchers to make inferences about a population from a sample. It involves testing a hypothesis about the population using data from a sample.

Correlation measures the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables, while regression analysis predicts the value of one variable based on the value of another variable.

A t-test is a statistical test that is used to compare the means of two groups. It can be used to test the significance of a difference between two groups.

ANOVA is a statistical test that is used to compare the means of three or more groups. It can be used to test the significance of a difference between three or more groups.

A chi-square test is a statistical test that is used to test the independence of two variables. It can be used to test the hypothesis that there is no relationship between two variables.

Factor analysis is a statistical technique that is used to identify underlying patterns in a dataset. It can be used to reduce the number of variables in a dataset and to identify the most important variables.

Regression analysis is a statistical technique that is used to predict the value of one variable based on the value of another variable. It can be used to identify the relationship between two variables and to make predictions about the value of one variable based on the value of another variable.

Discriminant analysis is a statistical technique that is used to classify observations into two or more groups. It can be used to identify the variables that are most important in discriminating between the groups.

Cluster analysis is a statistical technique that is used to group observations into clusters based on their similarity. It can be used to identify patterns in a dataset and to identify groups of observations that are similar to each other.

Multidimensional scaling analysis is a statistical technique that is used to represent the relationships between a set of objects in a low-dimensional space. It can be used to visualize the relationships between objects and to identify patterns in a dataset.

Path analysis is a statistical technique that is used to model the relationships between a set of variables. It can be used to identify the causal relationships between variables and to test the significance of these relationships.

Structural equation modeling is a statistical technique that is used to test a hypothesized model of the relationships between a set of variables. It can be used to identify the causal relationships between variables and to test the significance of these relationships.