Piet Mondrian was a Dutch artist who is known for his use of primary colors and geometric shapes in his paintings. He believed that art should be based on mathematical principles and that colors and shapes could be used to create a sense of harmony and balance.

Planck's equation, also known as the Planck-Einstein relation, describes the relationship between the energy of a photon and its wavelength. It states that the energy of a photon is equal to Planck's constant multiplied by the frequency of the photon. Since the frequency of light is inversely proportional to its wavelength, Planck's equation can be used to determine the color of light based on its wavelength.

Sol LeWitt was an American artist who is known for his use of mathematical formulas and algorithms in his art. He believed that art should be based on a set of rules or instructions and that the process of creating art was more important than the final product.

Color perception is the process by which the human eye and brain interpret the wavelengths of light reflected from objects and convert them into the sensation of color. It is a complex process that involves the interaction of several different factors, including the structure of the eye, the properties of light, and the neural pathways in the brain.

Bridget Riley is an English artist who is known for her use of color gradients and geometric patterns in her paintings. She is a pioneer of the Op Art movement, which is characterized by the use of optical illusions and visual effects to create a sense of movement and depth.

The color wheel is a circular diagram that shows the relationship between different colors. It is used to create color harmonies and to predict how colors will mix together. The color wheel is based on the idea that there are three primary colors (red, yellow, and blue) and that all other colors can be created by mixing these three colors together.

Harold Cohen was an English artist who is known for his use of mathematical equations and computer algorithms to create art. He developed a computer program called AARON that could generate its own artwork based on a set of rules and instructions. Cohen believed that art should be a collaborative process between humans and machines.

Color chroma is a measure of the purity or saturation of a color. It is defined as the difference between the dominant wavelength of a color and the wavelength of the nearest neutral color. A color with a high chroma is more saturated and intense, while a color with a low chroma is more muted and dull.

Alexander Calder was an American artist who is known for his use of color theory and geometric shapes in his sculptures. He is considered to be one of the pioneers of kinetic art, which is characterized by the use of movement and motion in art. Calder's sculptures are often made of metal and are designed to move in the wind or when touched by a viewer.

The RGB color model is a color model that uses three primary colors (red, green, and blue) to represent all other colors. It is the most commonly used color model for computer screens and televisions. The RGB color model works by combining different amounts of red, green, and blue light to create different colors. The more of a primary color that is used, the brighter the resulting color will be.

Le Corbusier was a Swiss-French architect who is known for his use of color theory and geometric shapes in his architecture. He believed that architecture should be based on mathematical principles and that colors and shapes could be used to create a sense of harmony and balance. Le Corbusier's buildings are often characterized by their use of bright colors and bold geometric forms.

Color appearance is the way that colors are perceived by the human eye and brain. It is influenced by a number of factors, including the hue, saturation, and value of the color, as well as the context in which the color is seen. Color appearance can be described using a variety of mathematical models, including the HSV color model and the Lab color model.

Paul Rand was an American graphic designer who is known for his use of color theory and geometric shapes in his work. He is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern graphic design. Rand's work is characterized by its simplicity, clarity, and use of bold colors and geometric forms.

The CIE XYZ color space is a color space that is used to describe the way colors are perceived by the human eye. It is based on the three types of cone cells in the human retina, which are sensitive to different wavelengths of light. The CIE XYZ color space is used in a variety of applications, including color reproduction, color measurement, and color theory.

Yves Saint Laurent was a French fashion designer who is known for his use of color theory and geometric shapes in his designs. He is considered to be one of the most influential fashion designers of the 20th century. Saint Laurent's work is characterized by its bold colors, geometric patterns, and use of unconventional materials.