Collective intentionality refers to the idea that groups of individuals can share intentions and act in a coordinated manner, even if they do not have a shared consciousness or a central decision-making mechanism.

Margaret Gilbert is a philosopher who has written extensively about collective intentionality. Her book "Joint Commitment: How We Make Social Worlds" is a seminal work in the field.

Collective intentions are intentions that are held by a group of individuals, while shared intentions are intentions that are held by two or more individuals. Collective intentions are often more difficult to form and maintain than shared intentions, as they require a high degree of coordination and cooperation among the individuals involved.

Collective intentions can be found in a wide variety of contexts, including social groups, work teams, and families. Some examples of collective intentions include planning a surprise party, working on a research project, deciding where to go on vacation, and playing a team sport.

Collective intentionality is a complex phenomenon that can be difficult to achieve and maintain. Some of the challenges associated with collective intentionality include coordinating the actions of multiple individuals, overcoming individual differences and conflicts, and maintaining a shared understanding of the group's goals.

Collective intentionality can have a number of benefits for groups, including increased efficiency and productivity, improved problem-solving, enhanced creativity and innovation, and a stronger sense of community and belonging.

Collective intentionality is a necessary condition for group minds, but it is not sufficient. In order for a group to have a mind, it must also have a shared understanding of its goals, beliefs, and values, as well as the ability to communicate and coordinate its actions.

There are a number of arguments against the existence of group minds, including the problem of multiple minds (how can a group have a single mind if its members have different minds?), the problem of communication and coordination (how can a group make decisions and take action if its members cannot communicate and coordinate their actions effectively?), and the problem of individual agency (how can a group have a mind if its members retain their individual agency?).

Collective intentionality and group minds could have a number of implications for our understanding of human sociality, including helping us to understand how humans cooperate and coordinate their actions, the nature of human consciousness, and new ways of thinking about social and political problems.

There are a number of open questions and areas for future research in the study of collective intentionality and group minds, including how collective intentions emerge and develop, how groups maintain a shared understanding of their goals, beliefs, and values, and how groups communicate and coordinate their actions.