Ocean acidification is primarily caused by the increased absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere into the ocean. This occurs as a result of human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, which release large amounts of CO2 into the air.

Ocean acidification causes corals to bleach and die. Coral bleaching occurs when corals expel the symbiotic algae that live in their tissues and provide them with food and energy. This causes the corals to turn white and become more susceptible to disease and death.

The pH of the ocean has decreased since the Industrial Revolution due to the increased absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This has resulted in a more acidic ocean.

If current trends continue, the pH of the ocean is predicted to decrease to around 7.4 by the end of the century. This would be the lowest pH level in the ocean in millions of years.

Ocean acidification can harm shellfish and other marine organisms with calcium carbonate shells, disrupt the food chain, and lead to the loss of biodiversity.

Reducing carbon dioxide emissions, increasing the use of renewable energy sources, and protecting and restoring coastal ecosystems can all help to reduce ocean acidification.

Coral reefs provide habitat for a variety of marine life, help to protect coastlines from erosion, and are a source of food and income for coastal communities.

Coral reefs are estimated to have an economic value of trillions of dollars per year due to the various benefits they provide, such as tourism, fisheries, and coastal protection.

Coral reefs around the world are in decline due to a variety of threats, including ocean acidification, climate change, pollution, and overfishing.

It is estimated that 75% of coral reefs worldwide are at risk of disappearing by 2050 if current trends continue.

The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is an international partnership that aims to protect coral reefs and promote sustainable coral reef management.

Individuals can help protect coral reefs by reducing their carbon footprint, choosing sustainable seafood options, and avoiding using sunscreens that contain oxybenzone and octinoxate.

Marine protected areas help to reduce fishing pressure on coral reefs, provide a safe haven for coral reefs to recover, and help to educate people about the importance of coral reefs.

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, stretching for over 2,300 kilometers along the coast of Australia.

The Mesoamerican Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the Western Hemisphere, stretching for over 1,000 kilometers along the coast of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras.