Mass media is typically one-way communication, meaning that the message is sent from the media outlet to the audience without the opportunity for immediate feedback.

Media production refers to the process of creating and preparing media content for distribution.

Cultivation theory proposes that long-term exposure to media messages can influence our beliefs, attitudes, and values.

Media convergence refers to the merging of different media platforms, such as television, radio, and the internet, into a single device or service.

Email is a form of electronic communication, but it is not considered a social media platform, which typically involve user-generated content and social interaction.

Extended reality (XR) is an umbrella term that encompasses virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality, which all involve the use of technology to create immersive experiences.

Organic search results are not a type of online advertising, as they are unpaid listings in search engine results pages.

Behavioral targeting involves using data about a user's online behavior to tailor marketing messages specifically to their interests and preferences.

Print newspapers are not a type of online journalism, as they are physical publications distributed in print form.

Teleconferencing, video conferencing, and web conferencing all involve the use of technology to enable communication and collaboration between people in different locations.

Content divide refers to the gap between those who have access to relevant and meaningful digital content and those who do not.

User-generated content (UGC) refers to any type of content created and shared by users, such as blog posts, videos, photos, and social media updates.

Expert systems are computer programs that are designed to emulate the decision-making ability of human experts in a specific domain.

Big data refers to the large and complex datasets that are generated by various sources, such as social media, e-commerce, and sensor networks.

Malware and viruses are not directly related to online privacy concerns, as they are malicious software that can infect and damage computer systems.