Cotton is a natural fiber derived from the seed hairs of the cotton plant. Polyester, nylon, and spandex are synthetic fibers made from chemical compounds.

Silk fibers are composed primarily of keratin, the same protein found in human hair and nails.

Extrusion is a process in which molten plastic is forced through a spinneret to create continuous filaments, which are then cooled and solidified to form fibers.

Spinning is the process of twisting and drawing out fibers to create a continuous yarn.

Direct dyeing is a method in which dyes are applied directly to the textile fibers without the use of a mordant.

A mordant is a chemical substance used in textile dyeing to enhance the colorfastness and durability of the dyes on the fabric.

Screen printing is a printing technique in which ink is transferred to the fabric through a mesh screen.

Finishing is a broad term that encompasses various processes applied to textiles to improve their properties, including water and stain resistance.

Sustainable textile manufacturing practices include using recycled materials, reducing water consumption, minimizing chemical usage, and implementing eco-friendly production processes.

Textile ergonomics is the study of the relationship between textiles and the human body, focusing on factors such as comfort, fit, and performance.

Common textile testing methods include tensile strength testing, colorfastness testing, abrasion resistance testing, and many others, each designed to evaluate specific properties of textiles.

Textile care labels provide instructions for washing and drying, identify the fiber content of the textile, indicate the country of origin, and may also include other relevant information.

Indigo, cochineal, and madder are all natural dyes obtained from plants.

Coating is a process in which a protective layer is applied to a textile fabric to enhance its properties, such as water resistance or flame retardancy.

Cotton, linen, and rayon are all common types of textile fibers made from cellulose.