The Venice Charter, adopted in 1964, aimed to provide a set of principles and guidelines for the conservation and restoration of historic buildings and monuments, emphasizing the importance of preserving their authenticity and historical significance.

Gothic architecture, prevalent during the Middle Ages, is known for its distinctive features such as pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, which allowed for the construction of taller and more elaborate structures.

Restoration refers to the process of returning a historic building to its original appearance and condition, involving the repair or replacement of damaged elements and the removal of alterations made over time.

Bernard Maybeck, an American architect known for his Arts and Crafts style, played a significant role in the early preservation movement in the United States. He advocated for the preservation of historic buildings and promoted the idea of adaptive reuse.

Adaptive reuse refers to the process of modifying a historic building to accommodate a new use while retaining its essential character and historical significance. This approach allows for the preservation of historic structures while giving them a new purpose.

UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, is responsible for coordinating international efforts to preserve and protect cultural heritage, including historic buildings and monuments, through its World Heritage Convention and other initiatives.

Conservation refers to the process of maintaining and repairing a historic building to prevent deterioration and preserve its original materials and features. It involves regular inspection, cleaning, and minor repairs to ensure the long-term preservation of the structure.

Renaissance architecture, prevalent during the 15th and 16th centuries, is known for its revival of classical elements, such as columns, pediments, and entablatures, inspired by ancient Greek and Roman architecture.

Rehabilitation refers to the process of adding new elements or features to a historic building while respecting its original character and historical significance. This approach allows for the adaptation of the building to new uses while preserving its essential features.

Baroque architecture, prevalent during the 17th and 18th centuries, is known for its use of curved lines, elaborate ornamentation, and a sense of movement, creating a dramatic and dynamic visual effect.

Restoration refers to the process of removing alterations or additions made to a historic building over time to restore it to its original appearance and condition, involving the repair or replacement of damaged elements and the removal of unsympathetic changes.

Modernism, an architectural style prevalent in the 20th century, is characterized by its use of simple geometric forms, flat roofs, and a lack of ornamentation, emphasizing functionality and efficiency.

Preservation refers to the process of preserving a historic building by maintaining it in its current condition without making any significant changes, involving regular inspection, cleaning, and minor repairs to prevent deterioration.

Vernacular architecture refers to traditional building styles and techniques that are influenced by local materials, climate, and cultural practices, resulting in structures that are well-adapted to their surroundings.

Condition assessment refers to the process of evaluating the condition of a historic building, including its structural integrity, material deterioration, and overall stability, to identify necessary repairs or interventions to ensure its long-term preservation.