Economic Reforms of the 1990s

Description: This quiz covers the key economic reforms implemented in India during the 1990s, which marked a significant shift in the country's economic policies.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian economics economic history of india economic reforms
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What was the primary objective of the economic reforms introduced in the 1990s?

  1. To promote economic growth and development

  2. To reduce government expenditure

  3. To control inflation

  4. To increase foreign investment


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The primary aim of the economic reforms was to stimulate economic growth and development by liberalizing the economy and reducing government intervention.

Which sector was the primary focus of the liberalization policies?

  1. Agriculture

  2. Industry

  3. Services

  4. Banking


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The liberalization policies primarily targeted the industrial sector, aiming to remove restrictions and promote competition.

What was the impact of the liberalization policies on foreign investment?

  1. It increased significantly

  2. It remained unchanged

  3. It decreased

  4. It fluctuated


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The liberalization policies led to a significant increase in foreign investment, as investors were attracted by the improved investment climate.

Which policy aimed to reduce the fiscal deficit and control government expenditure?

  1. Privatization

  2. Disinvestment

  3. Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act

  4. Goods and Services Tax


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act was enacted to enforce fiscal discipline and reduce the government's fiscal deficit.

What was the impact of the economic reforms on poverty levels in India?

  1. Poverty levels decreased significantly

  2. Poverty levels remained unchanged

  3. Poverty levels increased

  4. Poverty levels fluctuated


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The economic reforms led to a significant reduction in poverty levels, as economic growth and job creation improved the living standards of many Indians.

Which sector was the primary target of the disinvestment policy?

  1. Public sector banks

  2. Public sector insurance companies

  3. Public sector manufacturing companies

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The disinvestment policy aimed to reduce government ownership in various sectors, including public sector banks, insurance companies, and manufacturing companies.

What was the main objective of the privatization policy?

  1. To increase government revenue

  2. To improve the efficiency of public sector companies

  3. To reduce government control over the economy

  4. To promote competition


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The privatization policy aimed to reduce government control over the economy by transferring ownership of public sector companies to private entities.

Which policy aimed to reform the financial sector and improve its efficiency?

  1. Narasimham Committee Recommendations

  2. Rangarajan Committee Recommendations

  3. Jalan Committee Recommendations

  4. Reddy Committee Recommendations


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Narasimham Committee Recommendations aimed to reform the financial sector by introducing measures such as prudential norms, risk management, and improved corporate governance.

What was the impact of the economic reforms on the Indian economy?

  1. It led to sustained economic growth

  2. It caused a decline in economic growth

  3. It had no significant impact on economic growth

  4. It resulted in economic instability


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The economic reforms resulted in sustained economic growth, as they stimulated investment, increased productivity, and improved the overall business environment.

Which policy aimed to promote exports and make Indian goods more competitive in the international market?

  1. Export-Import Policy

  2. Foreign Trade Policy

  3. Special Economic Zones Policy

  4. Duty Drawback Scheme


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Export-Import Policy aimed to promote exports and enhance the competitiveness of Indian goods in the international market through various measures such as duty exemptions and export incentives.

What was the impact of the economic reforms on the role of the government in the economy?

  1. The government's role decreased significantly

  2. The government's role remained unchanged

  3. The government's role increased

  4. The government's role fluctuated


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The economic reforms led to a significant decrease in the government's role in the economy, as it shifted from being a direct participant to a facilitator and regulator.

Which policy aimed to reform the tax system and make it more efficient and equitable?

  1. Goods and Services Tax

  2. Value Added Tax

  3. Central Excise Duty

  4. Customs Duty


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Goods and Services Tax (GST) aimed to reform the tax system by introducing a comprehensive indirect tax that subsumed various other taxes, making it more efficient and equitable.

What was the impact of the economic reforms on the Indian stock market?

  1. It experienced a significant rise

  2. It remained stable

  3. It declined

  4. It fluctuated


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The economic reforms led to a significant rise in the Indian stock market, as investors gained confidence in the improved economic prospects and increased their investments.

Which policy aimed to attract foreign direct investment and promote technology transfer?

  1. Foreign Direct Investment Policy

  2. Foreign Investment Promotion Board

  3. Special Economic Zones Policy

  4. Export-Import Policy


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Foreign Direct Investment Policy aimed to attract foreign direct investment and promote technology transfer by providing various incentives and simplifying the investment process.

What was the impact of the economic reforms on the overall standard of living in India?

  1. It improved significantly

  2. It remained unchanged

  3. It declined

  4. It fluctuated


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The economic reforms led to a significant improvement in the overall standard of living in India, as economic growth and job creation resulted in increased incomes and better access to goods and services.

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