To establish a lasting peace between conflicting parties.

To punish the perpetrators of violence.

To provide humanitarian aid to the affected population.

To promote economic development in the conflict-affected region.

Disarmament and demobilization of armed groups.

Truth and reconciliation commissions.

Economic sanctions.

Capacity building for local communities.

To provide financial and technical assistance to conflict-affected countries.

To mediate negotiations between conflicting parties.

To deploy peacekeeping forces to maintain peace and security.

All of the above.

Local communities have a deep understanding of the conflict and its root causes.

Local communities can provide valuable insights and perspectives to peacebuilders.

Local communities can help to implement and sustain peacebuilding initiatives.

All of the above.

The presence of spoilers who seek to undermine peace efforts.

The lack of political will among conflicting parties to reach a peaceful settlement.

The absence of a clear and comprehensive peace agreement.

The availability of abundant natural resources in the conflict-affected region.

Peacebuilding is a prerequisite for sustainable development.

Sustainable development is a prerequisite for peacebuilding.

Peacebuilding and sustainable development are mutually reinforcing.

Peacebuilding and sustainable development are unrelated.

The Dayton Agreement that ended the Bosnian War.

The Good Friday Agreement that brought peace to Northern Ireland.

The Oslo Accords between Israel and the Palestinians.

All of the above.

Education can help to promote tolerance and understanding among different groups.

Education can provide skills and knowledge that are essential for peacebuilding.

Education can help to create a more informed and engaged citizenry.

All of the above.

Inclusivity and participation of all stakeholders.

Respect for human rights and the rule of law.

Imposition of a peace settlement by external actors.

Sustainability and long-term commitment.

To assess the progress and impact of peacebuilding efforts.

To identify challenges and make necessary adjustments.

To ensure accountability and transparency.

All of the above.

Government and state institutions.

Civil society organizations.

International organizations.

The private sector.

Women are often disproportionately affected by conflict.

Women can play a vital role in promoting peace and reconciliation.

Women's participation in peace processes can lead to more sustainable and inclusive peace agreements.

All of the above.

Gender discrimination and inequality.

Lack of access to education and resources.

Cultural and societal barriers.

All of the above.

To prevent the recurrence of conflict.

To promote sustainable peace.

To create a more just and equitable society.

All of the above.

Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of former combatants.

Truth and reconciliation commissions.

Economic and social reconstruction.

Political reforms.