A republic is a form of government in which the people hold the supreme power and exercise it through elected representatives.

The Roman Republic, established in 509 BC, is considered one of the earliest and most influential examples of a republic in history.

The Roman Senate was the primary legislative body of the Roman Republic, responsible for passing laws, approving treaties, and overseeing the government.

James Madison is widely regarded as the 'Father of the Constitution' due to his significant contributions to the drafting and ratification of the U.S. Constitution.

A constitution in a republic typically outlines the structure and powers of the government, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

San Marino is often regarded as the oldest surviving republic in the world, with its origins dating back to the 4th century AD.

In a republic, the peaceful and orderly transfer of power from one elected government to another is referred to as a transition.

Popular sovereignty is the idea that the ultimate authority in a republic lies with the people, who exercise their power through elected representatives.

The Articles of Confederation were designed to establish a weak central government and preserve the sovereignty of individual states.

In a republic, the judicial branch is typically responsible for interpreting the constitution and ensuring that laws comply with it.

In a republic, the head of state is elected by the people, either directly or through elected representatives.

Plato, in his work 'The Republic,' explored the concept of an ideal state governed by philosopher-kings.

Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and regional or local governments.

The Dutch Republic, established in the 16th century, is often regarded as the first modern republic.

In a monarchy, the head of state is not elected by the people but inherits the position based on lineage or tradition.