Diogenes the Cynic was an ancient Greek philosopher who rejected conventional social norms and advocated for a simple, self-sufficient lifestyle. He is often considered the first anarchist due to his belief that the ideal society is one without government.

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was a 19th-century French anarchist philosopher who argued that the state is inherently oppressive and that the ideal society is one based on free association and mutual aid.

Mikhail Bakunin was a 19th-century Russian anarchist philosopher who developed the concept of 'propaganda of the deed', which advocated for the use of violence and direct action to overthrow the state.

The Barcelona Commune was an anarchist commune established in Barcelona, Spain, during the Spanish Civil War. It lasted for several months and was a model for anarchist self-governance.

Peter Kropotkin was a 19th-century Russian anarchist philosopher who argued that the state is a form of class domination and that the ideal society is one based on mutual aid and cooperation.

The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was an anarchist movement in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It advocated for the abolition of capitalism and the establishment of a syndicalist society.

Emma Goldman was a 20th-century American anarchist philosopher who argued that the state is a form of patriarchy and that the ideal society is one based on gender equality.

The CNT (Confederación Nacional del Trabajo), the FAI (Federación Anarquista Ibérica), and the Durruti Column were all anarchist movements in Spain in the early 20th century.

Karl Marx, although not an anarchist himself, argued that the state is a form of alienation and that the ideal society is one based on communism.

The Black Army, the Makhnovshchina, and the Kronstadt Rebellion were all anarchist movements in Russia in the early 20th century.

Murray Bookchin was a 20th-century American anarchist philosopher who argued that the state is a form of exploitation and that the ideal society is one based on social ecology.

The Chinese Anarchist Party was an anarchist movement in China in the early 20th century.

Noam Chomsky, although not an anarchist himself, has argued that the state is a form of domination and that the ideal society is one based on libertarian socialism.

The Japanese Anarchist Federation was an anarchist movement in Japan in the early 20th century.

Hannah Arendt, although not an anarchist herself, argued that the state is a form of violence and that the ideal society is one based on freedom and equality.