An aria is a solo vocal piece in an opera, typically sung by a main character to express their emotions or thoughts.

A duet is a section of an opera in which two characters sing together, often expressing their love or conflict.

A chorus is a large group of singers who perform together in an opera, often providing commentary on the action or setting the scene.

Recitative is a section of an opera in which the characters speak or sing in a conversational style, often used to advance the plot or provide exposition.

Tenor is the highest male voice in opera, typically characterized by its bright, clear tone.

Bass is the lowest male voice in opera, typically characterized by its deep, resonant tone.

Soprano is the highest female voice in opera, typically characterized by its bright, clear tone.

Mezzo-soprano is the lowest female voice in opera, typically characterized by its warm, rich tone.

An overture is a musical composition that serves as an introduction to an opera, typically setting the mood and atmosphere of the work.

An intermezzo is a musical composition that is played between acts of an opera, often serving as a transition or providing musical relief.

A climax is a section of an opera in which the music and drama come to a climax, often involving a powerful emotional outburst or resolution of the conflict.

A denouement is a section of an opera in which the music and drama come to a conclusion, often involving the resolution of the conflict and the tying up of loose ends.

Opera seria is a type of opera that is based on a historical or legendary event, typically involving serious themes and elevated language.

Opera buffa is a type of opera that is based on a comic or satirical story, typically involving light-hearted characters and situations.

Opera semiseria is a type of opera that combines elements of both opera seria and opera buffa, often involving a mix of serious and comic elements.

Opera verismo is a type of opera that is based on realistic or everyday subjects, often involving characters and situations from contemporary life.