Evidence

Description: Test your knowledge about the legal principles and procedures related to evidence in criminal justice.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: evidence criminal justice law
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What is the primary purpose of the exclusionary rule?

  1. To protect the rights of the accused.

  2. To ensure the reliability of evidence.

  3. To prevent the admission of illegally obtained evidence.

  4. To promote the efficient administration of justice.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The exclusionary rule is a legal principle that prohibits the admission of evidence that was obtained in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights. The purpose of the rule is to deter law enforcement officers from engaging in illegal searches and seizures and to protect the privacy rights of individuals.

What is the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine?

  1. Evidence that is obtained as a result of an illegal search or seizure is inadmissible.

  2. Evidence that is obtained as a result of a confession that was coerced is inadmissible.

  3. Evidence that is obtained as a result of a lineup that was conducted in a suggestive manner is inadmissible.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine is a legal principle that prohibits the admission of evidence that is obtained as a result of an illegal search or seizure, a coerced confession, or a suggestive lineup. The doctrine is based on the idea that evidence that is obtained as a result of an illegal act is tainted and therefore inadmissible.

What is the hearsay rule?

  1. A rule that prohibits the admission of out-of-court statements that are offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted.

  2. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is not relevant to the case.

  3. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is prejudicial to the defendant.

  4. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is cumulative.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The hearsay rule is a rule of evidence that prohibits the admission of out-of-court statements that are offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted. The rule is based on the idea that out-of-court statements are unreliable because they are not subject to cross-examination.

What are the exceptions to the hearsay rule?

  1. Excited utterances.

  2. Present sense impressions.

  3. Dying declarations.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There are a number of exceptions to the hearsay rule, including excited utterances, present sense impressions, and dying declarations. These exceptions are based on the idea that certain out-of-court statements are reliable even though they are not subject to cross-examination.

What is the best evidence rule?

  1. A rule that requires the production of the original document when it is available.

  2. A rule that requires the production of the best available evidence.

  3. A rule that prohibits the admission of secondary evidence when the original document is available.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The best evidence rule is a rule of evidence that requires the production of the original document when it is available. The rule is based on the idea that the original document is the most reliable evidence of its contents.

What is the parol evidence rule?

  1. A rule that prohibits the admission of extrinsic evidence to vary or contradict the terms of a written contract.

  2. A rule that prohibits the admission of extrinsic evidence to explain the terms of a written contract.

  3. A rule that prohibits the admission of extrinsic evidence to supplement the terms of a written contract.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The parol evidence rule is a rule of evidence that prohibits the admission of extrinsic evidence to vary or contradict the terms of a written contract. The rule is based on the idea that a written contract is the final and complete expression of the parties' agreement.

What is the character evidence rule?

  1. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence of a person's character to prove that the person acted in conformity with that character on a particular occasion.

  2. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence of a person's character to prove that the person did not act in conformity with that character on a particular occasion.

  3. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence of a person's character to prove that the person is likely to commit a crime in the future.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The character evidence rule is a rule of evidence that prohibits the admission of evidence of a person's character to prove that the person acted in conformity with that character on a particular occasion, to prove that the person did not act in conformity with that character on a particular occasion, or to prove that the person is likely to commit a crime in the future.

What is the relevance rule?

  1. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is not relevant to the case.

  2. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is prejudicial to the defendant.

  3. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is cumulative.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The relevance rule is a rule of evidence that prohibits the admission of evidence that is not relevant to the case. The rule is based on the idea that evidence that is not relevant is not probative of the facts at issue.

What is the privilege against self-incrimination?

  1. A right that protects individuals from being compelled to testify against themselves in a criminal case.

  2. A right that protects individuals from being compelled to provide evidence against themselves in a civil case.

  3. A right that protects individuals from being compelled to answer questions that may incriminate them.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The privilege against self-incrimination is a right that protects individuals from being compelled to testify against themselves in a criminal case, to provide evidence against themselves in a civil case, or to answer questions that may incriminate them.

What is the attorney-client privilege?

  1. A privilege that protects communications between an attorney and a client.

  2. A privilege that protects communications between a doctor and a patient.

  3. A privilege that protects communications between a priest and a penitent.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The attorney-client privilege is a privilege that protects communications between an attorney and a client. The privilege is based on the idea that clients need to be able to communicate freely with their attorneys in order to receive effective legal representation.

What is the spousal privilege?

  1. A privilege that protects communications between a husband and a wife.

  2. A privilege that protects communications between a parent and a child.

  3. A privilege that protects communications between a sibling and a sibling.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The spousal privilege is a privilege that protects communications between a husband and a wife. The privilege is based on the idea that spouses need to be able to communicate freely with each other in order to maintain a strong and healthy marriage.

What is the work product doctrine?

  1. A doctrine that protects the work product of attorneys from discovery.

  2. A doctrine that protects the work product of doctors from discovery.

  3. A doctrine that protects the work product of accountants from discovery.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The work product doctrine is a doctrine that protects the work product of attorneys from discovery. The doctrine is based on the idea that attorneys need to be able to prepare for trial without fear of their work being disclosed to the opposing party.

What is the expert witness rule?

  1. A rule that allows experts to testify about their opinions.

  2. A rule that allows experts to testify about facts.

  3. A rule that allows experts to testify about both opinions and facts.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The expert witness rule is a rule that allows experts to testify about their opinions. The rule is based on the idea that experts have specialized knowledge and experience that can help the jury to understand the evidence and reach a verdict.

What is the hearsay exception for excited utterances?

  1. A statement that is made under the influence of excitement caused by a startling event.

  2. A statement that is made under the influence of fear caused by a threatening event.

  3. A statement that is made under the influence of pain caused by an injury.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The hearsay exception for excited utterances is a hearsay exception that allows the admission of a statement that is made under the influence of excitement caused by a startling event. The exception is based on the idea that statements made under these circumstances are reliable because they are made without time for reflection or fabrication.

What is the hearsay exception for present sense impressions?

  1. A statement that is made about an event or condition that is happening at the time the statement is made.

  2. A statement that is made about an event or condition that happened shortly before the statement is made.

  3. A statement that is made about an event or condition that happened long before the statement is made.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The hearsay exception for present sense impressions is a hearsay exception that allows the admission of a statement that is made about an event or condition that is happening at the time the statement is made. The exception is based on the idea that statements made under these circumstances are reliable because they are made without time for reflection or fabrication.

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