Urban areas are not considered natural ecosystems as they are heavily modified by human activities.

Biodiversity refers to the immense variety of life forms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, that exist on Earth.

Sunlight is a renewable resource as it is constantly replenished by the sun.

Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas contributing to global warming due to its ability to trap heat in the atmosphere.

Light pollution is not typically considered a type of pollution in the same way as air, water, and land pollution.

Conservation refers to the practices and efforts aimed at protecting and restoring natural resources and ecosystems.

Urban parks are not typically considered protected areas in the same way as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.

Invasive species are non-native species that have been introduced into an ecosystem and have the potential to cause harm to native species and ecosystems.

Nuclear energy is not considered a renewable energy source as it relies on the use of finite nuclear fuel.

Sustainability refers to the practices and efforts aimed at reducing the negative impact of human activities on the environment and ensuring the long-term health of ecosystems.

Waste decomposition is not typically considered an ecosystem service as it is a natural process that occurs regardless of human activities.

Restoration refers to the practices and efforts aimed at restoring degraded ecosystems to their natural state or improving their ecological function.

Antarctica is not considered a biodiversity hotspot as it has a relatively low level of biodiversity compared to other regions.

Mitigation refers to the practices and efforts aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the effects of climate change.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a mitigation strategy, not an adaptation strategy.