Harvesting the grapes

Crushing the grapes

Fermenting the grapes

Bottling the wine

To release the juice from the grapes

To remove the stems from the grapes

To add oxygen to the grapes

To start the fermentation process

Alcoholic fermentation

Malolactic fermentation

Secondary fermentation

Tertiary fermentation

To convert malic acid to lactic acid

To reduce the acidity of the wine

To add complexity and flavor to the wine

To stabilize the wine

Maturation

Elevage

Vinification

Bottling

Harvesting the grapes

Crushing the grapes

Fermenting the grapes

Bottling the wine

To prevent oxidation

To kill bacteria

To add sweetness to the wine

To add acidity to the wine

Red wine is made from red grapes, while white wine is made from white grapes

Red wine is fermented with the skins of the grapes, while white wine is fermented without the skins

Red wine is aged in oak barrels, while white wine is aged in stainless steel tanks

All of the above

Dry wine has no sugar, while sweet wine has sugar

Dry wine is fermented with less sugar than sweet wine

Dry wine is aged for a longer period of time than sweet wine

All of the above

Still wine is made with grapes that are grown in a cool climate, while sparkling wine is made with grapes that are grown in a warm climate

Still wine is fermented in a single fermentation, while sparkling wine is fermented in two fermentations

Still wine is bottled without any carbon dioxide, while sparkling wine is bottled with carbon dioxide

All of the above

Vintage wine is made from grapes that are harvested in a single year, while non-vintage wine is made from grapes that are harvested from multiple years

Vintage wine is aged for a longer period of time than non-vintage wine

Vintage wine is more expensive than non-vintage wine

All of the above

Single-varietal wine is made from a single grape variety, while blended wine is made from multiple grape varieties

Single-varietal wine is fermented in a single fermentation, while blended wine is fermented in multiple fermentations

Single-varietal wine is aged for a longer period of time than blended wine

All of the above

Table wine is made with grapes that are grown in a cool climate, while dessert wine is made with grapes that are grown in a warm climate

Table wine is fermented in a single fermentation, while dessert wine is fermented in two fermentations

Table wine is bottled without any sugar, while dessert wine is bottled with sugar

All of the above

Fortified wine is made with grapes that are grown in a cool climate, while non-fortified wine is made with grapes that are grown in a warm climate

Fortified wine is fermented in a single fermentation, while non-fortified wine is fermented in two fermentations

Fortified wine is bottled with a higher alcohol content than non-fortified wine

All of the above