The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, proposed by Howard Gardner, posits that intelligence is not a unitary construct but rather consists of a diverse range of relatively independent abilities.

Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity for abstract reasoning, problem-solving, and adaptation to novel situations, which tends to decline with age.

Crystallized intelligence encompasses the knowledge and skills acquired through education, experience, and cultural influences, which generally increases with age.

Contextual intelligence, as defined by Sternberg's Triarchic Theory, refers to the ability to adapt to and succeed in one's environment by utilizing knowledge and skills in practical and real-world situations.

Emotional intelligence encompasses the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's own emotions and those of others, as well as to build and maintain healthy relationships.

Csikszentmihalyi's Systems Theory of Creativity proposes that creativity arises from the interaction of three components: expertise, creative thinking skills, and motivation, within a supportive environment.

Divergent thinking refers to the ability to generate multiple creative solutions to a problem, often involving brainstorming and exploring different possibilities.

Mednick's Associative Theory of Creativity posits that creativity arises from the ability to combine existing ideas in novel and useful ways, often through remote associations and unexpected connections.

Critical thinking involves the ability to analyze information, identify biases, and evaluate arguments, often leading to informed judgments and decisions.

Koestler's Bisociation Theory of Creativity proposes that creativity arises from the ability to combine two seemingly unrelated ideas or concepts into a novel and meaningful solution.

Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability to switch between different mental sets, adapt to changing circumstances, and consider multiple perspectives.

Amabile's Componential Theory of Creativity posits that creativity arises from the interaction of three components: expertise, creative thinking skills, and motivation, within a supportive environment.

Ideational fluency refers to the ability to generate a large number of ideas, regardless of their practicality or conventionality.

Rothenberg's Janusian Thinking Theory of Creativity proposes that creativity arises from the ability to hold two opposing or contradictory ideas in mind simultaneously and generate novel solutions.

Elaboration refers to the ability to refine and improve upon existing ideas, often by adding details, examples, or alternative perspectives.