Memory

Attention

Intelligence

Language

It can improve memory consolidation.

It can improve memory recall.

It can improve both memory consolidation and recall.

It has no effect on memory.

Classical music

Nature sounds

White noise

Heavy metal music

It can improve language comprehension.

It can improve language production.

It can improve both language comprehension and production.

It has no effect on language.

It can reduce stress and anxiety.

It can improve mood.

It can improve cognitive function.

It can cure diseases.

People with dementia

People with autism spectrum disorder

People with stroke

All of the above

It activates the reward system.

It releases dopamine.

It increases blood flow to the brain.

All of the above

Music therapy is used to treat medical conditions, while music education is used to teach people how to play music.

Music therapy is used to improve cognitive function, while music education is used to improve musical skills.

Music therapy is used to help people express themselves, while music education is used to teach people about music theory.

All of the above

Lack of funding

Lack of trained music therapists

Lack of research evidence

All of the above

Music therapy will become more widely used as a treatment for a variety of conditions.

Music therapy will become more integrated into other healthcare professions.

Music therapy will become more evidence-based.

All of the above