Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, is also credited with developing a sophisticated system of logic and epistemology known as the Madhyamaka school of thought.

The Nyaya school emphasizes the importance of valid knowledge and logical reasoning in understanding the world.

Kanada, the founder of the Vaisheshika school, developed the atomic theory, which influenced the development of atomism in Western philosophy.

Maya refers to the concept of illusion or unreality in Indian philosophy, particularly in the Advaita Vedanta school.

Sri Aurobindo, a modern Indian philosopher, emphasized the role of direct experience and intuition in understanding the nature of reality.

Indian philosophy influenced Western scientific thought during the Renaissance through various channels, including the translation of Indian texts, the travels of European scholars to India, and the influence of Indian merchants and traders.

Adi Shankara's ideas on non-dualism and the unity of consciousness influenced Western thinkers such as Aldous Huxley and Alan Watts.

The concept of karma in Indian philosophy influenced Western notions of causality and responsibility by emphasizing the role of individual actions in shaping one's destiny and contributing to the concept of moral responsibility.

Madhvacharya's ideas on the nature of time and the cyclical nature of existence influenced Western thinkers such as Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche.

Indian philosophy contributed to the development of Western holistic and ecological approaches to science through its emphasis on the interconnectedness of all living beings, the concept of ahimsa (non-violence), and the idea of unity in diversity.

Sri Aurobindo's ideas on the nature of consciousness and the unity of mind and matter influenced Western thinkers such as William James and Henri Bergson.

Indian philosophy influenced the development of Western quantum physics through its emphasis on the interconnectedness of all things, the concept of non-locality, and the idea of the observer effect.

Sri Aurobindo's ideas on the nature of reality and the illusion of separateness influenced Western thinkers such as Jiddu Krishnamurti and Eckhart Tolle.

Indian philosophy contributed to the development of Western environmental ethics through its emphasis on the sacredness of nature, the concept of ahimsa (non-violence), and the idea of the interconnectedness of all living beings.

Sri Aurobindo's ideas on the nature of consciousness and the unity of mind and matter influenced Western thinkers such as Fritjof Capra and Ken Wilber.