Language change is the term used to describe the process by which a language changes over time. This can include changes in pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and usage.

Language shift is the term used to describe the process by which a language is replaced by another language. This can happen when a population of speakers adopts a new language, often due to migration or conquest.

Language revival is the term used to describe the process by which a language is revitalized after a period of decline. This can involve efforts to teach the language to new speakers, create new materials in the language, and promote its use in the community.

Language contact is the term used to describe the process by which two or more languages influence each other. This can happen when speakers of different languages come into contact with each other, either through trade, travel, or migration.

Language pidginization is the term used to describe the process by which a language is simplified in order to make it easier for non-native speakers to learn. This often involves the creation of a new language that is based on elements of two or more existing languages.

Language creolization is the term used to describe the process by which a pidgin language develops into a full-fledged language. This often happens when a pidgin language is adopted by a community of speakers as their native language.

Language diffusion is the term used to describe the process by which a language is spread to new areas through migration. This can happen when a group of speakers moves to a new area and brings their language with them.

Language adoption is the term used to describe the process by which a language is adopted by a new group of speakers. This can happen when a group of speakers comes into contact with a new language and decides to adopt it as their own.

Language death is the term used to describe the process by which a language is lost or becomes extinct. This can happen when a language is no longer spoken by any living speakers.

Language revival is the term used to describe the process by which a language is revived after a period of decline. This can involve efforts to teach the language to new speakers, create new materials in the language, and promote its use in the community.

Language standardization is the term used to describe the process by which a language is standardized. This involves the creation of a standard set of rules for the language, including rules for spelling, grammar, and pronunciation.

Language identity formation is the term used to describe the process by which a language is used to create a new identity. This can happen when a group of speakers uses their language to distinguish themselves from other groups.

Language maintenance is the term used to describe the process by which a language is used to maintain a cultural identity. This can involve efforts to teach the language to new speakers, create new materials in the language, and promote its use in the community.

Language development is the term used to describe the process by which a language is used to promote economic development. This can involve efforts to create new materials in the language, promote its use in education and business, and support the development of language-based industries.

Language justice is the term used to describe the process by which a language is used to promote social justice. This can involve efforts to ensure that all people have equal access to language education and resources, and that all languages are treated with respect.