Hieroglyphics were a system of writing used by the ancient Egyptians, consisting of a combination of logographic, syllabic, and alphabetic characters.

The Epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient Mesopotamian epic poem, dating back to the 3rd millennium BC, that tells the story of Gilgamesh, a legendary king of Uruk, and his quest for immortality.

Laozi is traditionally considered the author of the Tao Te Ching, a foundational text of Taoism.

The Vedas are a collection of ancient Indian sacred texts, consisting of hymns, rituals, and philosophical treatises, and are considered to be the oldest scriptures of Hinduism.

Plato is known for his 'Dialogues', which contain discussions on various philosophical topics, such as ethics, politics, and metaphysics.

The Justinian Code is a collection of Roman laws compiled under the direction of Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century CE.

Khufu is credited with the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise attributed to the military strategist Sun Tzu, dating back to the 6th century BC.

Herodotus is known as the 'Father of History' and is famous for his 'Histories', which chronicles the Greco-Persian Wars.

The Mahabharata is an ancient Indian epic poem that tells the story of the Pandava brothers and their struggle against the Kauravas.

Virgil is known for his epic poem 'The Aeneid', which tells the story of Aeneas' journey to Italy.

Confucius is the founder of Confucianism, a system of thought and behavior that emphasizes morality, social harmony, and respect for tradition.

Plato is known for his theory of Forms or Ideas, which posits that there is a realm of perfect and eternal Forms that exist independently of the physical world.

The Panchatantra is an ancient Indian collection of fables and moral stories, dating back to the 3rd century BCE.