Genetics does not play a significant role in racial and ethnic disparities in sports. Instead, factors such as institutional racism, socioeconomic status, and cultural values are more likely to contribute to these disparities.

Segregation is the practice of excluding athletes from sports based on their race or ethnicity. This can be done through laws, policies, or informal practices.

All of the above options are examples of institutional racism in sports. Institutional racism is a system of policies, practices, and norms that create and maintain racial and ethnic inequality.

Resilience is the term used to describe the process by which athletes from marginalized racial and ethnic groups overcome barriers to achieve success in sports. Resilience involves the ability to bounce back from setbacks, persevere in the face of adversity, and maintain a positive outlook.

All of the above options are examples of cultural values that can contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in sports. These cultural values can create barriers to participation and success for athletes from marginalized racial and ethnic groups.

Sports profiling is the practice of using race or ethnicity as a factor in determining who is eligible to participate in a sport. This can be done through laws, policies, or informal practices.

Cricket has been historically dominated by countries with a British colonial past, such as India, Pakistan, and Australia. This is due to the fact that cricket was introduced to these countries by British colonizers.

Sports discrimination is the practice of using race or ethnicity as a factor in determining who is selected for a sports team. This can be done through laws, policies, or informal practices.

Golf has been historically associated with wealthy, white people. This is due to the fact that golf courses were originally built in wealthy, white neighborhoods and were often exclusive to members of those neighborhoods.

Sports nepotism is the practice of using race or ethnicity as a factor in determining who is hired as a coach or administrator in sports. This can be done through laws, policies, or informal practices.

Swimming has been historically segregated by race or ethnicity. This is due to the fact that swimming pools were originally built in segregated neighborhoods and were often exclusive to members of those neighborhoods.

Sports favoritism is the practice of using race or ethnicity as a factor in determining who is awarded scholarships or financial aid for sports. This can be done through laws, policies, or informal practices.

Soccer has been historically used as a tool for social change. This is due to the fact that soccer is a global sport that is played by people of all races, ethnicities, and backgrounds.

Sports exclusion is the practice of using race or ethnicity as a factor in determining who is allowed to compete in a sports event. This can be done through laws, policies, or informal practices.

Baseball has been historically used to promote racial and ethnic harmony. This is due to the fact that baseball is a sport that is played by people of all races, ethnicities, and backgrounds.