The primary purpose of a peacekeeping mandate is to maintain peace and security in a conflict zone by preventing the resumption of hostilities, protecting civilians, and promoting a political solution to the conflict.

The United Nations Security Council is responsible for authorizing peacekeeping mandates under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter.

The typical duration of a peacekeeping mandate is 1 year, although it can be renewed by the Security Council if necessary.

The main tasks of a peacekeeping mission include monitoring ceasefires and armistice agreements, protecting civilians and humanitarian workers, promoting human rights and democracy, and facilitating the delivery of justice.

Peacekeeping missions face a number of challenges, including lack of funding and resources, political interference, and hostile environments.

There are a number of success stories of peacekeeping missions, including the United Nations Mission in Cyprus (UNFICYP), the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), and the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL).

There are a number of criticisms of peacekeeping missions, including that they are too expensive, ineffective, and biased.

The future of peacekeeping missions is uncertain. Some experts believe that they will become more important as the number of conflicts increases, while others believe that they will become less important as states become more capable of resolving their own conflicts.

A number of reforms have been proposed for peacekeeping missions, including increasing the funding and resources available to missions, improving the training and equipment of peacekeepers, and giving missions more robust mandates.

The United Nations plays a key role in peacekeeping by authorizing missions, providing funding and resources, and training and equipping peacekeepers.

Regional organizations play an important role in peacekeeping by providing troops and equipment for missions, helping to finance missions, and providing political support for missions.

NGOs play an important role in peacekeeping by providing humanitarian assistance to civilians, promoting human rights and democracy, and facilitating the delivery of justice.

NGOs face a number of challenges in peacekeeping, including lack of funding and resources, political interference, and hostile environments.

There are a number of success stories of NGOs in peacekeeping, including the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), and Oxfam.

The future of NGOs in peacekeeping is uncertain. Some experts believe that they will become more important as the number of conflicts increases, while others believe that they will become less important as states become more capable of resolving their own conflicts.