Social justice in math education encompasses a range of practices and policies aimed at addressing inequities and promoting fairness and justice for all students in mathematics classrooms.

All of the options listed are factors that have been shown to contribute to inequity in math education.

The achievement gap in mathematics refers to the disparities in academic performance between different groups of students, including students from different socioeconomic backgrounds, racial and ethnic groups, and students with and without disabilities.

Promoting equity and social justice in math classrooms requires a multifaceted approach that includes using culturally relevant materials, providing differentiated instruction, and creating a supportive and inclusive classroom environment.

Representation in math education is important because it helps students see themselves in mathematics, challenges stereotypes and biases, and inspires students to pursue careers in mathematics and related fields.

Increasing representation of marginalized groups in math education requires a comprehensive approach that includes recruiting and retaining teachers from marginalized groups, providing financial support to students, and creating mentorship and support programs.

Achieving social justice in math education is a complex challenge that requires addressing a range of systemic issues, including poverty and socioeconomic inequality, institutional racism and discrimination, and gender stereotypes and biases.

Teachers play a critical role in promoting social justice in math education by creating a welcoming and inclusive classroom environment, using culturally relevant materials and examples, and providing differentiated instruction to meet the needs of all learners.

Students also play an important role in promoting social justice in math education by speaking up against injustice and discrimination, supporting and encouraging their classmates, and challenging stereotypes and biases.

Parents and guardians also play a vital role in promoting social justice in math education by advocating for their children's education, encouraging them to pursue higher education, and providing support and encouragement at home.

Policymakers also have a critical role to play in promoting social justice in math education by enacting policies that address inequity and discrimination, providing funding for programs that support social justice in math education, and holding schools and districts accountable for ensuring equity and social justice.

Researchers also play an important role in promoting social justice in math education by conducting research on the causes and consequences of inequity in math education, developing and evaluating interventions to promote social justice in math education, and advocating for policies and practices that promote social justice in math education.

The community also plays a vital role in promoting social justice in math education by supporting schools and districts in their efforts to promote social justice in math education, holding schools and districts accountable for ensuring equity and social justice, and advocating for policies and practices that promote social justice in math education.

Measuring progress towards social justice in math education requires a multifaceted approach that includes tracking the achievement gap in mathematics, monitoring the representation of marginalized groups in math classrooms and in the math teaching profession, and assessing the quality of math instruction and the learning environment in math classrooms.

There are a number of resources available for learning more about social justice in math education, including the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) website, the TODOS Mathematics for All website, and the Education Trust website.