Le Corbusier, a Swiss-French architect, is widely regarded as the father of modern architecture. He is known for his contributions to the development of the International Style, which emphasized simplicity, functionality, and the use of reinforced concrete.

Gothic architecture, popular in Europe during the Middle Ages, is known for its distinctive features such as pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. These elements allowed for the construction of taller and more spacious buildings, which were often used as cathedrals and churches.

Michelangelo, an Italian Renaissance artist, is renowned for his iconic ceiling fresco in the Sistine Chapel. The fresco, completed in 1512, depicts scenes from the Book of Genesis and is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of Western art.

Abstract Expressionism, a prominent art movement in the mid-20th century, is characterized by its focus on emotional expression and the use of abstract forms and colors. Artists associated with this movement include Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, and Willem de Kooning.

The Parthenon is an ancient Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Athena. It is located on the Acropolis in Athens and is considered one of the most iconic structures of classical architecture. The temple was built in the 5th century BC and is known for its Doric columns and intricate sculptures.

Renaissance architecture, popular during the 15th and 16th centuries, is characterized by its emphasis on symmetry, balance, and the use of classical elements such as columns, pediments, and arches. This style was inspired by ancient Greek and Roman architecture and is evident in buildings such as the Uffizi Gallery in Florence and the Château de Fontainebleau in France.

Jørn Utzon, a Danish architect, is renowned for designing the Sydney Opera House. The iconic building, completed in 1973, is known for its distinctive sail-like roof structure and is considered a masterpiece of modern architecture.

Pop Art, a prominent art movement in the 1960s, is known for its use of everyday objects and materials in artistic creations. Pop artists, such as Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein, drew inspiration from popular culture, advertising, and consumerism.

Mona Lisa, painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the early 16th century, is one of the most famous and iconic paintings in the world. The portrait, known for its enigmatic smile, has been the subject of much speculation and debate among art historians and enthusiasts.

Baroque architecture, popular in the 17th and 18th centuries, is known for its elaborate ornamentation, curved forms, and dramatic lighting. This style is evident in buildings such as the Church of Sant'Andrea della Valle in Rome and the Palace of Versailles in France.

Oscar Niemeyer, a Brazilian architect, is considered one of the most influential architects of the 20th century. He is known for his innovative use of concrete and his contributions to the development of modern architecture in Brazil. Niemeyer designed iconic buildings such as the Cathedral of Brasília and the Museum of Contemporary Art in Niterói.

Surrealism, an art movement that emerged in the early 20th century, is characterized by its focus on the subconscious mind and dream imagery. Surrealist artists, such as Salvador Dalí and René Magritte, explored the irrational and the unconscious through their paintings, sculptures, and other artistic creations.

The Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheater, is an ancient Roman amphitheater located in the center of Rome. It is the largest amphitheater ever built and is considered one of the most iconic structures of ancient Rome. The Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests, public spectacles, and other forms of entertainment.

Modernism, an architectural style that emerged in the early 20th century, is characterized by its use of simple geometric forms, clean lines, and a lack of ornamentation. Modernist architects, such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, believed that form should follow function and that buildings should be designed to meet the needs of modern society.

Frank Gehry, a Canadian-American architect, is known for designing the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain. The museum, completed in 1997, is renowned for its innovative and sculptural form, which has become a landmark of the city.