The Sarangi is a bowed string instrument with a distinctive, plaintive sound. It is commonly used in Hindustani classical music and devotional music, particularly in the Kirana and Patiala-Kasur gharanas.

The Tabla is a pair of hand drums, consisting of a larger drum called the 'baya' and a smaller drum called the 'tabla'. It is widely used in Hindustani classical music, accompanying vocalists and instrumentalists.

The Shehnai is a double-reed instrument with a piercing, nasal sound. It is commonly used in North Indian folk and devotional music, particularly during weddings and religious ceremonies.

The Sitar is a long-necked string instrument with a distinctive gourd-shaped body. It is played with a wire plectrum called a 'mizrab' and is known for its complex melodies and rhythmic patterns.

The Ghatam is a clay pot with a wide mouth and a narrow neck. It is played by striking it with the hands, fingers, or a small stick, producing a resonant and earthy sound.

The Manjira is a pair of small cymbals made of brass or bronze. They are played by striking them together, producing a bright and metallic sound. Manjiras are commonly used in devotional and folk music, as well as in classical dance performances.

The Jaltarang is a set of porcelain or glass bowls filled with different levels of water. It is played by striking the bowls with a wooden stick, producing a unique and ethereal sound. Jaltarang is often used in classical and folk music performances.

The Dhol is a large cylindrical drum with two heads. It is played with two sticks, one thick and one thin, producing a loud and rhythmic sound. Dhol is commonly used in folk and devotional music, particularly in North India and Pakistan.

The Bansuri is a transverse bamboo flute with six or seven finger holes. It is played by blowing across the mouthpiece, producing a sweet and melodious sound. Bansuri is commonly used in classical and folk music, as well as in devotional music and meditation.

The Santoor is a trapezoidal string instrument with a series of strings stretched over a wooden body. It is played with two wooden mallets, striking the strings to produce a rich and resonant sound. Santoor is commonly used in classical and folk music, particularly in Kashmir and North India.

The Chimta is a pair of tongs made of metal. It is played by striking the tongs together, producing a bright and metallic sound. Chimta is commonly used in folk and devotional music, particularly in North India.

The Dholak is a double-headed hand drum with a cylindrical body. It is played with the hands, producing a rhythmic and percussive sound. Dholak is commonly used in folk and devotional music, particularly in North India and Pakistan.

The Veena is a plucked string instrument with a long, hollow body and a gourd resonator. It is played by plucking the strings with a wire plectrum called a 'mizrab'. Veena is commonly used in classical and folk music, particularly in South India.

The Ghungroo is a small metallic bell attached to the ankles of dancers. It is played by striking the bells together, producing a rhythmic and tinkling sound. Ghungroo is commonly used in classical and folk dance performances.

The Pakhawaj is a barrel-shaped hand drum with two heads. It is played with the hands, producing a rhythmic and percussive sound. Pakhawaj is commonly used in classical and folk music, particularly in North India.