The Ministry of Science and Technology is the nodal agency for formulating, coordinating, and implementing science and technology policies in India.

The Indian government's science and technology policy aims to promote economic growth, improve national security, and enhance social welfare.

Astronomy contributes to economic growth in India by providing data and information for weather forecasting and climate modeling, enabling the development of new technologies for communication, navigation, and remote sensing, and attracting tourists to India's astronomical observatories and heritage sites.

Astronomy contributes to national security in India by providing data and information for satellite navigation and communication, enabling the development of new technologies for surveillance and reconnaissance, and helping to track and monitor space debris.

Astronomy contributes to social welfare in India by providing data and information for weather forecasting and climate modeling, enabling the development of new technologies for healthcare and education, and inspiring young people to pursue careers in science and technology.

Astronomy in India faces a number of challenges, including lack of funding, shortage of qualified astronomers and astrophysicists, and limited access to world-class telescopes and observatories.

The Indian government has taken a number of initiatives to promote astronomy, including establishing the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, funding the construction of new telescopes and observatories, and providing scholarships and fellowships to astronomy students and researchers.

Astronomy plays a vital role in India's space program by providing data and information for satellite navigation and communication, enabling the development of new technologies for space exploration, and helping to track and monitor space debris.

Astronomy can help to address some of the global challenges facing humanity by helping us to understand climate change and its impacts, search for new planets and life beyond Earth, and develop new technologies for energy production and distribution.

The future of astronomy in India is bright. Astronomy in India is expected to grow rapidly in the coming years, India is expected to become a major player in global astronomy, and Indian astronomers and astrophysicists are expected to make significant contributions to our understanding of the universe.