The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

The Bill of Rights

The Declaration of Independence

The strict scrutiny test

The intermediate scrutiny test

The rational basis test

The compelling interest test

Symbolic speech is protected by the First Amendment, while pure speech is not.

Symbolic speech is not protected by the First Amendment, while pure speech is.

Symbolic speech is more likely to be regulated by the government than pure speech.

Pure speech is more likely to be regulated by the government than symbolic speech.

A test used to determine whether a government restriction on speech is constitutional

A test used to determine whether a particular expression is protected by the First Amendment

A test used to determine whether a particular expression is obscene

A test used to determine whether a particular expression is defamatory

Obscenity is protected by the First Amendment, while child pornography is not.

Child pornography is protected by the First Amendment, while obscenity is not.

Obscenity is more likely to be regulated by the government than child pornography.

Child pornography is more likely to be regulated by the government than obscenity.

A prior restraint is a government restriction on speech before it is published, while a subsequent punishment is a government restriction on speech after it is published.

A prior restraint is a government restriction on speech after it is published, while a subsequent punishment is a government restriction on speech before it is published.

A prior restraint is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a subsequent punishment.

A subsequent punishment is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a prior restraint.

A content-based restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the content of the speech, while a content-neutral restriction is a government restriction on speech that is not based on the content of the speech.

A content-based restriction is a government restriction on speech that is not based on the content of the speech, while a content-neutral restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the content of the speech.

A content-based restriction is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a content-neutral restriction.

A content-neutral restriction is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a content-based restriction.

A fighting words doctrine is a government restriction on speech that is likely to cause a fight, while a hate speech doctrine is a government restriction on speech that is based on hatred.

A fighting words doctrine is a government restriction on speech that is based on hatred, while a hate speech doctrine is a government restriction on speech that is likely to cause a fight.

A fighting words doctrine is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a hate speech doctrine.

A hate speech doctrine is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a fighting words doctrine.

A time, place, and manner restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the time, place, or manner of the speech, while a content-based restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the content of the speech.

A time, place, and manner restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the content of the speech, while a content-based restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the time, place, or manner of the speech.

A time, place, and manner restriction is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a content-based restriction.

A content-based restriction is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a time, place, and manner restriction.

A public forum is a place where the government has traditionally allowed public expression, while a non-public forum is a place where the government has not traditionally allowed public expression.

A public forum is a place where the government has not traditionally allowed public expression, while a non-public forum is a place where the government has traditionally allowed public expression.

A public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a non-public forum.

A non-public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a public forum.

A designated public forum is a place that the government has specifically designated as a public forum, while a traditional public forum is a place that has historically been used as a public forum.

A designated public forum is a place that has historically been used as a public forum, while a traditional public forum is a place that the government has specifically designated as a public forum.

A designated public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a traditional public forum.

A traditional public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a designated public forum.

A limited public forum is a place where the government has allowed public expression on certain topics, while a non-public forum is a place where the government has not allowed public expression on any topic.

A limited public forum is a place where the government has not allowed public expression on any topic, while a non-public forum is a place where the government has allowed public expression on certain topics.

A limited public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a non-public forum.

A non-public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a limited public forum.

A closed forum is a place where the government has prohibited public expression, while a non-public forum is a place where the government has not allowed public expression.

A closed forum is a place where the government has not allowed public expression, while a non-public forum is a place where the government has prohibited public expression.

A closed forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a non-public forum.

A non-public forum is more likely to be subject to government regulation than a closed forum.

A viewpoint-neutral restriction is a government restriction on speech that is not based on the viewpoint of the speaker, while a viewpoint-based restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the viewpoint of the speaker.

A viewpoint-neutral restriction is a government restriction on speech that is based on the viewpoint of the speaker, while a viewpoint-based restriction is a government restriction on speech that is not based on the viewpoint of the speaker.

A viewpoint-neutral restriction is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a viewpoint-based restriction.

A viewpoint-based restriction is more likely to be upheld by the courts than a viewpoint-neutral restriction.