Anita Desai's novel (Fire on the Mountain) delves into the complexities of female sexuality and desire, particularly within the context of a traditional Indian society.

Estha's character in (The God of Small Things) is often described as androgynous, embodying both masculine and feminine traits, thus challenging conventional gender norms.

Ismat Chugtai, a prominent Indian writer, is renowned for her bold exploration of lesbian themes in her short stories, challenging societal norms and taboos.

Sai's character in (The Inheritance of Loss) primarily grapples with the challenges and discrimination faced by women in post-colonial India, highlighting the gender inequalities prevalent in society.

Shashi Tharoor's (The Great Indian Novel) employs satire to critique the patriarchal norms and gender roles deeply ingrained in Indian society.

Aravind Adiga's (The White Tiger) primarily focuses on the theme of class struggle, highlighting the stark disparities and injustices faced by individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni's (The Forest of Enchantments) explores the themes of female desire and agency through the lens of mythology, offering a unique perspective on gender roles and relationships.

Piya Roy's character in (The Hungry Tide) is characterized by her independence, assertiveness, and willingness to break free from societal expectations, challenging traditional notions of femininity.

Ruskin Bond's (The Blue Umbrella) follows the story of Binya, a young girl who embarks on a journey of self-discovery and empowerment, highlighting the importance of female agency and resilience.

Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni's (The Palace of Illusions) offers a unique perspective on the (Mahabharata) by narrating the epic from the viewpoint of Draupadi, providing insights into her experiences, struggles, and agency.

Jhumpa Lahiri's (The Namesake) delves into the experiences of Indian immigrants in the United States, examining the challenges of cultural identity, assimilation, and the complexities of bridging two worlds.

Arundhati Roy's (The Ministry of Utmost Happiness) features the character Anjum, a hijra, challenging societal norms and prejudices surrounding gender and sexuality.

Jhumpa Lahiri's (The Lowland) delves into the political and social upheavals of India in the 1960s and 1970s, examining their impact on the lives of individuals from different backgrounds.

Amitav Ghosh's (The Glass Palace) features the character Rajkumar, who challenges conventional notions of masculinity through his sensitivity, introspective nature, and willingness to express his emotions.

Kiran Desai's (The Inheritance of Loss) delves into the experiences of displacement, identity formation, and the intricate dynamics of family relationships, particularly in the context of post-colonial India.