The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark federal law that prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin.

Disparate treatment is the intentional discrimination against an individual based on their membership in a protected class.

Disparate impact occurs when a facially neutral policy or practice has a disproportionate adverse impact on a protected class.

Affirmative action is a legal principle that allows employers to take affirmative steps to address past discrimination.

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 prohibits employment discrimination based on age for individuals aged 40 and older.

Reasonable accommodation is the practice of providing accommodations for employees with disabilities that allow them to perform their jobs.

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 prohibits employment discrimination based on disability.

Retaliation is the practice of retaliating against an employee for engaging in protected activity, such as filing a discrimination complaint.

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the federal agency responsible for enforcing the laws that prohibit employment discrimination.

The first step an employee should take if they believe they have been discriminated against at work is to file a complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).

An employee has 180 days to file a complaint with the EEOC after they believe they have been discriminated against.

The potential remedies available to victims of employment discrimination include back pay, reinstatement, injunctions, and other equitable remedies.

Workforce analysis is the practice of using statistical data to identify and address disparities in employment outcomes.

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 prohibits employment discrimination based on genetic information.

Equal employment opportunity is the practice of providing equal opportunities for employment and advancement to all employees, regardless of their race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age.