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Extraction and Refining of Oils and Fats

Description: This quiz covers the extraction and refining processes of oils and fats, including methods, equipment, and factors affecting the quality of the final product.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: extraction refining oils fats
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Which of the following methods is commonly used for the extraction of oils from oilseeds?

  1. Mechanical pressing

  2. Solvent extraction

  3. Supercritical fluid extraction

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mechanical pressing, solvent extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction are all commonly used methods for extracting oils from oilseeds.

What is the role of a screw press in mechanical oil extraction?

  1. To crush the oilseeds and release the oil

  2. To separate the oil from the solids

  3. To filter the oil to remove impurities

  4. To heat the oil to improve its quality


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A screw press is used to crush the oilseeds and release the oil by applying pressure.

Which solvent is commonly used in solvent extraction of oils?

  1. Hexane

  2. Ethanol

  3. Water

  4. Acetone


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hexane is commonly used as a solvent in solvent extraction of oils due to its low boiling point and ability to dissolve oils efficiently.

What is the purpose of degumming in oil refining?

  1. To remove phospholipids and gums from the oil

  2. To neutralize free fatty acids in the oil

  3. To bleach the oil to improve its color

  4. To deodorize the oil to remove undesirable odors


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Degumming is a process used to remove phospholipids and gums from the oil, which can cause cloudiness and instability.

What is the role of bleaching earth in oil refining?

  1. To remove impurities and color pigments from the oil

  2. To neutralize free fatty acids in the oil

  3. To deodorize the oil to remove undesirable odors

  4. To improve the stability of the oil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bleaching earth is used to remove impurities and color pigments from the oil, improving its appearance and stability.

What is the purpose of deodorization in oil refining?

  1. To remove undesirable odors and flavors from the oil

  2. To neutralize free fatty acids in the oil

  3. To bleach the oil to improve its color

  4. To improve the stability of the oil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Deodorization is a process used to remove undesirable odors and flavors from the oil, improving its sensory properties.

Which of the following factors can affect the quality of the extracted oil?

  1. Oilseed variety and maturity

  2. Extraction method and conditions

  3. Storage conditions of the oilseeds

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Oilseed variety and maturity, extraction method and conditions, and storage conditions of the oilseeds can all affect the quality of the extracted oil.

What is the primary purpose of refining oils and fats?

  1. To improve the stability and shelf life of the oil

  2. To remove impurities and undesirable substances

  3. To enhance the nutritional value of the oil

  4. To improve the flavor and aroma of the oil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Refining oils and fats is primarily done to improve their stability and shelf life by removing impurities and undesirable substances.

Which of the following is a common method for refining oils and fats?

  1. Neutralization

  2. Bleaching

  3. Deodorization

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization are all common methods used for refining oils and fats.

What is the purpose of neutralization in oil refining?

  1. To remove free fatty acids from the oil

  2. To improve the color of the oil

  3. To remove undesirable odors and flavors from the oil

  4. To improve the stability of the oil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Neutralization is a process used to remove free fatty acids from the oil, which can cause rancidity and instability.

Which of the following is a common bleaching agent used in oil refining?

  1. Activated carbon

  2. Bleaching earth

  3. Sodium hypochlorite

  4. Hydrogen peroxide


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bleaching earth is a common bleaching agent used in oil refining to remove impurities and color pigments.

What is the purpose of deodorization in oil refining?

  1. To remove undesirable odors and flavors from the oil

  2. To improve the color of the oil

  3. To remove free fatty acids from the oil

  4. To improve the stability of the oil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Deodorization is a process used to remove undesirable odors and flavors from the oil, improving its sensory properties.

Which of the following factors can affect the efficiency of oil extraction?

  1. Oilseed moisture content

  2. Extraction temperature

  3. Particle size of the oilseeds

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Oilseed moisture content, extraction temperature, and particle size of the oilseeds can all affect the efficiency of oil extraction.

What is the role of antioxidants in oil refining?

  1. To prevent oxidation and rancidity of the oil

  2. To improve the color of the oil

  3. To remove undesirable odors and flavors from the oil

  4. To improve the stability of the oil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Antioxidants are added to oil during refining to prevent oxidation and rancidity, which can deteriorate the quality of the oil.

Which of the following is a common method for extracting oils from oilseeds using a solvent?

  1. Soxhlet extraction

  2. Cold pressing

  3. Mechanical pressing

  4. Supercritical fluid extraction


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Soxhlet extraction is a common method for extracting oils from oilseeds using a solvent, which involves continuous extraction and recovery of the solvent.

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