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Thermodynamic Properties

Description: This quiz will test your knowledge of thermodynamic properties.
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: thermodynamics properties
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What is the SI unit of temperature?

  1. Kelvin

  2. Celsius

  3. Fahrenheit

  4. Rankine

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The SI unit of temperature is the Kelvin, which is defined as 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water.

What is the relationship between temperature and internal energy?

  1. They are directly proportional.

  2. They are inversely proportional.

  3. They are independent of each other.

  4. They are related by a logarithmic function.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Internal energy is a measure of the total energy of a system, including its kinetic and potential energy. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system. Therefore, internal energy and temperature are directly proportional.

What is the relationship between pressure and volume?

  1. They are directly proportional.

  2. They are inversely proportional.

  3. They are independent of each other.

  4. They are related by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. Volume is the amount of space occupied by a substance. Therefore, pressure and volume are inversely proportional.

What is the relationship between heat and work?

  1. They are equivalent.

  2. They are opposite.

  3. They are independent of each other.

  4. They are related by a logarithmic function.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heat and work are both forms of energy transfer. Heat is the transfer of energy due to a difference in temperature, while work is the transfer of energy due to a force acting through a distance. Therefore, heat and work are equivalent.

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

  1. Energy can be created or destroyed.

  2. Energy can be transferred from one form to another.

  3. Energy can be stored in a system.

  4. All of the above.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be created or destroyed, it can be transferred from one form to another, and it can be stored in a system.

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

  1. Entropy always increases.

  2. Entropy always decreases.

  3. Entropy remains constant.

  4. Entropy can increase or decrease.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy, a measure of disorder, always increases in a closed system.

What is the third law of thermodynamics?

  1. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero.

  2. The entropy of a system approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero.

  3. The entropy of a system is always positive.

  4. The entropy of a system is always negative.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero.

What is the enthalpy of a system?

  1. The total energy of the system.

  2. The internal energy of the system.

  3. The heat content of the system.

  4. The work done by the system.

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Enthalpy is defined as the total energy of a system, including its internal energy and the energy of its surroundings.

What is the Gibbs free energy of a system?

  1. The total energy of the system.

  2. The internal energy of the system.

  3. The heat content of the system.

  4. The work done by the system.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Gibbs free energy is defined as the maximum amount of work that can be done by a system at constant temperature and pressure.

What is the difference between heat capacity and specific heat?

  1. Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius, while specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

  2. Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Fahrenheit, while specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of a substance by 1 degree Fahrenheit.

  3. Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 Kelvin, while specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 Kelvin.

  4. Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 Rankine, while specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 slug of a substance by 1 Rankine.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heat capacity is an extensive property, meaning that it depends on the amount of substance in the system, while specific heat is an intensive property, meaning that it does not depend on the amount of substance in the system.

What is the relationship between heat capacity and specific heat?

  1. Heat capacity is equal to the specific heat multiplied by the mass of the substance.

  2. Heat capacity is equal to the specific heat divided by the mass of the substance.

  3. Heat capacity is independent of the specific heat.

  4. Heat capacity is inversely proportional to the specific heat.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heat capacity is an extensive property, meaning that it depends on the amount of substance in the system, while specific heat is an intensive property, meaning that it does not depend on the amount of substance in the system. Therefore, heat capacity is equal to the specific heat multiplied by the mass of the substance.

What is the difference between a closed system and an open system?

  1. A closed system is a system that can exchange energy with its surroundings, while an open system is a system that cannot exchange energy with its surroundings.

  2. A closed system is a system that can exchange matter with its surroundings, while an open system is a system that cannot exchange matter with its surroundings.

  3. A closed system is a system that is in equilibrium, while an open system is a system that is not in equilibrium.

  4. A closed system is a system that is isolated from its surroundings, while an open system is a system that is not isolated from its surroundings.

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Correct Option:
Explanation:

A closed system is a system that is isolated from its surroundings, meaning that it cannot exchange matter or energy with its surroundings. An open system is a system that is not isolated from its surroundings, meaning that it can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings.

What is the difference between an isothermal process and an adiabatic process?

  1. An isothermal process is a process in which the temperature of the system remains constant, while an adiabatic process is a process in which the heat content of the system remains constant.

  2. An isothermal process is a process in which the pressure of the system remains constant, while an adiabatic process is a process in which the volume of the system remains constant.

  3. An isothermal process is a process in which the entropy of the system remains constant, while an adiabatic process is a process in which the Gibbs free energy of the system remains constant.

  4. An isothermal process is a process in which the work done by the system is equal to the heat absorbed by the system, while an adiabatic process is a process in which the work done by the system is equal to the heat rejected by the system.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An isothermal process is a process in which the temperature of the system remains constant, while an adiabatic process is a process in which the heat content of the system remains constant.

What is the difference between a reversible process and an irreversible process?

  1. A reversible process is a process that can be reversed without any change in the state of the system, while an irreversible process is a process that cannot be reversed without a change in the state of the system.

  2. A reversible process is a process in which the entropy of the system remains constant, while an irreversible process is a process in which the entropy of the system increases.

  3. A reversible process is a process in which the Gibbs free energy of the system remains constant, while an irreversible process is a process in which the Gibbs free energy of the system decreases.

  4. A reversible process is a process in which the work done by the system is equal to the heat absorbed by the system, while an irreversible process is a process in which the work done by the system is less than the heat absorbed by the system.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A reversible process is a process that can be reversed without any change in the state of the system, while an irreversible process is a process that cannot be reversed without a change in the state of the system.

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